Perennials for a Thought-out Garden 219 



White. June to September; ij feet. White buttons in loosely 

 branched panicles. Very pretty growing or cut. Best free-flower- 

 ing white flower of summer. , FALSE (Boltonia latisquama). 



See NATIVE PLANTS, p. 89. 



CHRISTMAS ROSE (Helleborus niger). White, fading pinkish. Decem- 

 ber, January; I foot. The only permanent border plant with ever- 

 green foliage that flowers in winter blooming even under the 

 snow. Plant near the house where it can be seen. Get old, estab- 

 lished stock in September. Often takes some time to become 

 settled, not flowering well till the second or third year. Moist 

 well-drained, rather open soil, in partial shade. Cut flowers make 

 excellent table decorations if taken young; they become speckled 

 with age. Individual flowers 2 inches across. Foliage very dark. 

 Var. altifolius is the earliest flowering. 



CHRYSANTHEMUM, HARDY (C. Indicum and morifolium). Practically 

 all colours except blue and scarlet. September to November; 2 to 3 

 feet. Unquestionably the most important late-blooming plants of 

 the garden, flowering profusely till frost. Always plant in spring; 

 cuttings can be made from growing shoots all the year. (See OLD- 

 FASHIONED FLOWERS, p. 57.) Great diversity of form, but ranging 

 into several well-defined types : (a) Single, resembling a daisy, with 

 rays surrounding a conspicuous disc. Excellent for cutting. Mary 

 Anderson is a popular kind, (b) Double quilled, with rosette 

 of involute petals. Example, Little Bob. (c) Double, with 

 expanded rays. Example, Sceur Melaine. (d) Anemone-flowered. 

 Like the single, but with tubular disc florets, much enlarged, form- 

 ing a distinct cushion. Not offered by name in the American trade. 

 (e) Reflexed. Double, with flat rays distinctly arched back toward 

 the stalk. Example, Jules Lagravere. The large-flowered chrysan- 

 themums, usually grown in greenhouses, are similarly classified, 

 most popular types being: (a) Incurved. Long petals regularly 

 curved toward the centre. Example, Colonel D. Appleton. (b) Jap- 

 anese. Long petals, variously formed. Loosely and irregularly 

 twisted more or less. The most popular decorative kinds. Exam- 

 ples, Golden Wedding, Glory of the Pacific, Madam Carnot. 

 (r) Reflexed. Very rarely grown. Example, Cullingfordi. (</) Large 

 anemone. Well-developed tubular disc florets, surrounded by ex- 

 panded ray florets. Example, Garza. 



