The Cavallas 



Colour, bluish silvery, everywhere strongly washed with 

 golden, the young with golden spots; fins nil pale yellow; no black 

 on opercle or lower lobe of caudal. It is known as the yellow-jack. 



Carangus hippos, the cavalla or jack, is the most abundant 

 and one of the most valuable of the genus. It is found on 

 both coasts of tropical America, north to Cape Cod and the Gulf 

 of California. It occurs also in the East Indies, and is every- 

 where a food-fish of considerable importance. On our Atlantic 

 Coast it is next in abundance to C. crysos. 



Colour, olivaceous above, sides and under parts golden; a large 

 faint black spot on lower rays of pectoral; axil with a black 

 blotch; edge of soft dorsal black; upper edge of caudal peduncle 

 dusky. 



Carangus crysos, the runner, hard tail, or jurel, reaches a 

 foot or more in length and is found from Brazil north to 

 Cape Cod. It is more abundant northward than any other species 

 of Carangus, and is a food-fish of considerable importance, espe- 

 cially in the West Indies. 



Colour, greenish-olive, golden-yellow or silvery below ; a 

 black blotch on opercle; fins all pale. 



Carangus caballus, the cocinero, is the representative of C. 

 crysos on the Pacific Coast. It occurs from Panama and Cerros 

 Island northward to San Diego, and is quite abundant from the 

 Gulf of California southward. 



Carangus marginatus occurs on the Pacific Coast of Mexico 

 from Mazatlan to Panama, and is not uncommon. From C. latus, 

 which it closely resembles, it may be readily known by its less 

 slender form, dark colours, and larger eye. 



Carangus latus, the horse-eye jack, inhabits the same waters 

 as the preceding, and is also found on the Atlantic Coast from 

 Brazil to South Carolina and Virginia. It also occurs in the 

 East Indies. It is not of much value as food. The flesh, in 

 some places in the tropics, is reputed poisonous, giving rise to 

 the disease called Ciguatera. It is abundant southward, but 

 further north it is less common than C. hippos. 



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