CONTENTS 



conception of the universe, p. 195 Leibnitz and his work, p. 197 

 Founding of the great scientific societies, p. 198 Influence of Ba- 

 con's condemnation of existing methods of teaching, p. 200 The 

 Royal Society of London and the great Continental societies found- 

 ed, p. 201. 



CHAPTER X 



THE SUCCESSORS OF GALILEO IN PHYSICAL SCIENCE 



Robert Boyle, p. 204 His experiments on atmospheric pressure, 

 p. 205 Mariotte and Von Guericke, p. 210 Von Guericke's air- 

 pump, p. 211 His experiments in electricity, p. 211 His demon- 

 stration of the pressure of the atmosphere, p. 212 Robert Hooke, 

 p. 215 His invention of the balance-spring for watches, p. 216 

 Huygens, p. 218 His adaptation of the micrometer to the tele- 

 scope, p. 219 -His statement of the laws governing the collision of 

 elastic bodies, p. 221 His solution of the problem of the "centre of 

 oscillation," p. 224. 



CHAPTER XI 



NEWTON AND THE COMPOSITION OF LIGHT 



Newton's early life, p. 225 His studies of the composition of light, 

 p. 227 His study of colors, p. 233 Opposition to Newton's views, 

 p. 234 Voltaire's comment on Newton's discovery of the compo- 

 sition of light, p. 235. 



CHAPTER XII 



NEWTON AND THE LAW OF GRAVITATION 



The idea of universal gravitation not original with Newton, p. 236 

 Voltaire and the story of the falling apple, p. 237 Newton's ob- 

 servation of the fact that some force constantly pulls the moon 

 towards the earth, p. 238 His calculation of the force of this pull, 

 p. 239 The reason for this calculation being incorrect, p. 239 His 

 final solution of the problem, p. 240 His account of this taken 

 from his Principia, p. 241 The effect of this discovery upon the 

 scientific world, p. 250 Lagrange's estimate of Newton, p. 250. 



CHAPTER XIII 



INSTRUMENTS OF PRECISION IN THE AGE OF NEWTON 



Crudeness in the construction of most scientific instruments, p. 252 

 The invention and development of the telescope, p. 252 The 



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