A HISTORY OF SCIENCE 



Spinthariscope, invented by Dr. 

 Grookes, v. 104. 



Sponge, investigations of, by 

 Ernst Haeckel, v. 155. 



"Spontaneous generation" of 

 living protoplasm, v. 223. 



"Spontaneous" variations, dis- 

 puted question of, iv. 178. 



Sprott, detected the existence of 

 glands in the mucous mem- 

 brane, iv. 129. 



Spurzheim, Dr. Kaspar, propa- 

 gandist of phrenology, iv. 248. 



Stahl, George Ernst, experiments 

 with air, iv. 6; his phlogiston 

 theory, iv. 7, 10; exponent of 

 Animists' system, iv. 185. 



Stars, the fixed, iii. 57; distance 

 of the, iii. 61; observation of 

 the, by the spectroscope, iv. 

 71; study of the, by Lockyer, 

 v. 73; discovery of new, v. 



79. 8- 



Stereo-chemistry, v. 219. 



Stethoscope, invented by Laen- 

 nec, iv. 201. 



Stevinus and the law of equilib- 

 rium, ii. 102; his horseless 

 carriage, ii. 103; explanation 

 of "hydrostatic paradox," ii. 

 104. 



Stone Age, man knew certain 

 rudimentary principles of 

 science, i. 5; the Egyptians of 

 this age overthrown by an 

 invading host, i. 29. 



Storm centre, merely an area of 

 low barometric pressure, iii. 

 202; expansion of air through 

 excess of temperature, iii. 203. 



Strabo, the most famous of 

 ancient geographers, i. 255; an 

 investigator of details, not an 

 ori^nal thinker, i. 257; be- 

 lieved that a vessel could sail 

 around the globe from Spain 

 to India, i. 260; his idea of the 

 arrangement of the zones, i. 

 262; his three fundamental 

 principles, i. 264. 



Struve, F. G. W., discovered 

 many double stars, iii. 58; 



discovered that many seem- 

 ing single stars are really 

 clusters, iii. 59. 



Studies in the division of egg- 

 cells, v. 134, 135. 



Study of diseases in the Berlin 

 Institute of Pathology, v. 186- 



!93- 



Sulphuric ether, vapor of, pain- 

 dispelling power of, iv. 209; 

 Morton's use of, in dentistry, 

 iv. 214; claims of Jackson and 

 Long as to priority of dis- 

 covery, iv. 215. 



Sulphurous gas liquefied, v. 40. 



Sumerian, an alien civilized race, 

 settled in Mesopotamia, over- 

 thrown later by Semitic in- 

 vaders, i. 60. 



Sun, the, observations of, by the 

 spectroscope, iv. 71; study of, 

 by Lockyer, v. 73; explana- 

 tion of the continued heat of, 

 v. 206, 207, 209; estimate of 

 the heat-giving life of, v. 208; 

 host of meteors falling into, 

 v. 209. 



Sun-dial invented and perfected 

 by Anaximander and Anax- 

 imenes, i. 109. 



Sun-spots discovered by Galileo, 

 ii. 79. 



Sydenham, Thomas, ii. 188. 



Sylvius, founder of a medical 

 system, ii. 186. 



Systems, medical, in the seven- 

 teenth century, ii. 185. 



TAGLIACOZZI, CASPAR, restores 

 amputated noses, ii. 183. 



Tait, Professor P. G., his ap- 

 paratus for creating vortex 

 rings in air, iii. 291; molecules 

 measurable in inches, iii. 301; 

 estimate of the heat -giving 

 life of the sun, v. 208. 



Talbot, Fox, on Chaldean 

 exorcisms, i. 71, 72. 



Telescope, invented by Lipper- 

 shey, ii. 78, 252; constructed 

 by Galileo, ii. 78, 253; Kepleri- 

 an telescope, ii. 253; Newton's 



298 



