CONTENTS 



CHAPTER IV 



THE WORK OF AIR AND WATER 



First use of sails for propelling boats, p. 62 The fire engine of 

 Ctesibus, p. 63 Suction and pressure as studied by the ancients, 

 p. 64 Studies of air pressure, p. 65 The striking demonstration 

 of Von Guericke, p. 66 The sailing chariot of Servinus, 1600 A.D., 

 p. 68 The development of the wind-mill, p. 69 The development 

 of the water-wheel, p. 70 The invention of the turbine, p. 72 

 Different types of turbines, p. 73 Hydraulic power and its uses, 

 p. 74 The hydraulic elevator, p. 76 Recent water motors, p. 77. 



CHAPTER V 

 CAPTIVE MOLECULES: THE STORY OF THE STEAM ENGINE 



The development of the steam engine, p. 79 The manner in which 

 energy is generated by steam, p. 80 Action of cylinder and piston, 

 p. 8 1 Early attempts to utilize steam, p. 82 Beginnings of mod- 

 ern discovery, p. 83 The "engine" of the Marquis of Worcester, 

 p. 84 Thomas Savery's steam pump, p. 85 Denis Papin invents 

 the piston engine, p. 88 Newcomen's improved engine, p. 89 

 The use of these engines in collieries, p. 90 The wastefulness of 

 such engines, p. 92 The coming of James Watt, p. 93 Early ex- 

 periments of Watt, p. 95 The final success of Watt's experiments, 

 p. 97 Some of his early engines, p. 98 Rotary motion, p. 99 

 Watt's engine, "Old Bess," p. 101 Final improvements and 

 missed opportunities, p. 102 The personality of James Watt, p. 107. 



CHAPTER VI 



THE MASTER WORKER 



Improvements on Watt's engines, p. no Engines dispensing with 

 the walking beam, p. in The development of high-pressure 

 engines, p. 112 Advantages of the high-pressure engine, p. 114 

 How steam acts in the high-pressure engine, p. 116 Compound 

 engines, p. 117 Rotary engines, p. 119 Turbine engines, p. 124 

 The Turbinia and other turbine boats, p. 125 The action of 

 steam in the turbine engine, p. 126 Advantages of the turbine 

 engine, p. 127. 



CHAPTER VII 



GAS AND OIL ENGINES 



Some early gas engines, p. 133 Dr. Stirling's hot-air engine, p. 

 133 Ericsson's hot-air engines, p. 134 The first practical gas 

 engine, p. 135 The Otto gas engine, p. 136 Otto's improvement 



[iv] 



