ILLUSTRATIONS 



THE OLD WAY OF SPINNING Frontispiece 



COTTON-GINS Facing p. 8 



COTTON BALING-PRESS " 12 



THE ORIGINAL CARDING-MACHINE " 16 



ARKWRIGHT'S IMPROVED SPINNING-MACHINE AND A 



MODERN MACHINE " 18 



ARKWRIGHT'S ORIGINAL DRAWING-FRAME ... "26 



ARKWRIGHT'S ORIGINAL SPINNING-MACHINE ... "28 



SIR RICHARD ARKWRIGHT " 30 



SAMUEL CROMPTON " 32 



OLD METHODS AND NEW IN SPINNING .... " 36 



PRIMITIVE AND ADVANCED METHODS OF WEAVING . " 48 

 MODELS OF A PRIMITIVE LOOM AND A JACQUARD 



LOOM " 52 



THE EARLIEST SEWING-MACHINES 90 



EARLY TYPES OF SEWING-MACHINES " 96 



EXCAVATING FOR THE FOUNDATION OF A SKY- 

 SCRAPER " 162 



SKYSCRAPERS IN PROCESS OF CONSTRUCTION . . " 166 

 THE TOWER OF THE METROPOLITAN LIFE BUILDING, 



NEW YORK, ILLUMINATED " 178 



A GROUP OF SKYSCRAPERS ON LOWER BROADWAY, 



NEW YORK " 180 



HOW THE WORLD BELOW LOOKS FROM A SKY- 

 SCRAPER " 206 



TIMES SQUARE, NEW YORK, AT NIGHT " 212 



THE POTTER'S WHEEL " 248 



"GATHERING" GLASS 288 



GLASS-BLOWING 290 



GLASS-CUTTING 294 



[viii] 



