

i i i i I 



ARKWRIGHT'S IMPROVED SPINNING MACHINE AND A MODERN MACHINE. 



The lower figure shows an improved Arkwright machine made about 1775. 

 Its principle of action is precisely that of his earlier machine, but it has an arrange- 

 ment for guiding the yarn over the bobbins evenly, and it contains more spindles. 

 The upper figure shows a modern ring-spinning frame. This is a shortened ex- 

 ample having only 48 spindles. In a complete frame, as used in a cotton factory, 

 there would be about 400 spindles.. 



