CLOTHING THE EXTREMITIES 



and the sewing was done from the channel in the 

 out-sole through the sole and in-sole. The machine 

 made a loop-stitch and left a ridge of thread on the 

 inside of the shoe, but it filled the great demand that 

 existed for sewed shoes, and many hundreds of millions 

 of pairs have been made by its use. 



"At the time of the introduction of the McKay 

 machine inventors were busy in other directions, and 

 as a result came the introduction of the cable-nailing 

 machine, which was provided with a cable of nails, 

 the head of one being joined to the point of another; 

 these the machine cut into separate nails and drove 

 automatically. At about this time was introduced 

 the screw-machine which formed a screw from brass 

 wire, forcing it into the leather and cutting it off auto- 

 matically. This was the prototype of the 'rapid 

 standard screw-machine,' which is a comparatively 

 recent invention and is very widely used as a sole- 

 fastener at the present time on the heavier class of 

 boots and shoes. Very soon thereafter the attention 

 of the trade was attracted to the invention of a New 

 York mechanic for the sewing of soles. This device 

 was particularly intended for the making of turn- 

 shoes and afterward became famous as the Goodyear 

 'turn-shoe machine.' It was many years before this 

 machine became a commercial success, and mention 

 of its progress is made later. 



"Closely following the Goodyear invention came the 



introduction of the first machine used hi connection 



with heeling a machine which compressed the heel 



and pricked holes for the nails and this was soon 



VOL. ix. 8 [113] 



