are arranged in classes by themselves. Pieces which 

 are too heavy are run through a splitting machine, 

 and the edges are beveled by means of the skiving- 

 machine. Next they are pasted together, care being 

 taken to join them at the marks made for that purpose. 

 After being dried they go into the hands of the machine 

 operators. The different parts go to different machines, 

 each of which is adjusted for its particular work. The 

 completed upper next goes to the sole-leather room, 

 in which department machinery also performs the 

 major part of the work. By the use of the cutting-ma- 

 chine the sides of leather are reduced into strips cor- 

 responding to the length of the sole required. These 

 strips are passed through a powerful rolling-machine, 

 which hardens the leather and moves from its surface 

 all irregularities. They are then shaved down to a 

 uniform thickness, also by machinery, and placed 

 under disks which cut them out in proper form. The 

 smaller pieces are died out in the form of lifts, or heel- 

 pieces, which are joined together to the proper thick- 

 ness and cemented, after which they are put in presses 

 which give them the greatest amount of solidity. The 

 top lift is not added to the heel until after it has been 

 nailed to the shoe. The remaining sole-leather is 

 used for shank pieces, rands, and bottom leveling. 



"For the in-sole, a lighter grade of leather is used, 

 which, being cut into strips and rolled, is cut by dies 

 to the correct shape, shaved uniformly, and channeled 

 around the under edge for receiving the upper. The 

 counters are died out and skived by machine, and the 

 welts cut in strips. The uppers and soles are then 



[120] 



