2 a, /3. Intermediate Mossy Forest. 



Undergrowth. Sphagnum novo-guineense, with *Rhacopilum spectabile 

 and the magnificent and abundant Dawsonia gigantea, ull in fruit, with the 

 creeping *Lycopodiutn cernuum, formed part of the prevailing moss-carpet, 

 from which rose the orchids Platantliera elliptica, vars. longicalcarata and 

 elatior, green in colour and varying in size, gregarious and general in this 

 association ; Cryptostylis arfakensis, with red lip and green perianth, and 

 Bulbophyllum muricatum, with large red-spotted yellow flowers, were found 

 in single examples. Clumps of Alpinia domatifera (dwarfed), *Gahnia 

 psittacorum, previously known only from Australia and Tasmania, * Histiopteris 

 incisa, *Dipteris conjugata, gregarious as usual where more open, with the 

 small shrubs Diplycosia Lilianea?, about "25 m. high, with rigid branches and 

 striking white-tipped red flowers, Vaccinium pilosifiorum with pretty, very 

 hairy rose-pink corollas, also seen as an epiphyte, and V. leptospermoides, 

 with red-pink flowers, were often grouped together at the base and between 

 the dwarfed trees. 



Tiny tufts of Gentiana Vanderwateri, with large white flowers, showed 

 up in damp places and, where drier and the small trees opened out, the 

 minute Lobelia arfakensis spread its large patches on the ground, dotted with 

 white flowers, while innumerable seedlings of all the conifers previously 

 mentioned, with Dacrydium and Libocedrus, formed the most general and 

 conspicuous part of the undergrowth, including the slender tree-ferns 

 Alsopldla arfakensis, with stems 1 dm. through and about 1 m. high, the 

 fronds 1 m. long, and Cyathea arfakensis not much larger. 



Epiphytes. The small ferns collected on the moss-grown trunks of 

 the trees were * Trichomanes palmattfidum, Hymenopliyllum cincinnatum, 

 *Lindsaya hymenopliylloides, Poly podium remigerum, *P. stenopliyllum, 

 *P. clavifer, and the minute yellow orchids, Octarrhena cylindrica, with 

 Dendrobium glauco-viride (magenta), Phreatia spatlmlata (white), and Piper 

 arfakianum. 



Lianes. * Gleiclienia linearis and *G. volubile abounded, with Freycinetia 

 GibbsecK, much less luxuriant, F. ftaviceps, and Calamus arjakianus ; a slender 

 bamboo, identical in habit and appearance with the Kinabalu plant, but not 

 seen in flower, and Lyonsia albifiora were also pretty general. 



Trees. Dacrydium novo-guineense with Libocedrus arfakensis, Podo- 

 carpus papuanus, *P. Rumphii, and * Phyllodadus hypopliyllus wore dominant, 

 as the profusion of seedlings testified ; but a great variety of other small 

 trees were associated, especially towards the southern portion of the ridge, 

 where it broadens out again and is consequently more sheltered Urimys 

 arfakensis, with a dense round crown, bore its small, white, later pink flowers 

 on pendent pedicels ; Spirceanthemum bullatum, *13ceckea frutescens ; Back- 

 housia arfakensis, flat-topped like a Leptospermum, with very small coriaceous 



