THE FUR, LEATHER AND HIDE TRADES 77 



More leather is used in the manufacture of boots and shoes, which 

 are prime necessities, than for any other class of articles, their manu- 

 facture giving employment to a large number of men and women. 

 In 1910 the United States exported $13,216,237 worth of shoes and 

 boots and in the same year the United Kingdom exported $14,729,936 

 worth. 68 



A bulletin of the United States Department of Agriculture, giving 

 directions for skinning, curing and marketing hides and skins, con- 

 tains the following table of hides and skins used in the United States 

 in I9I4: 69 



Domestic Imported Total Total Value 



Cattle and horse hides 10,354,600 8,477,200 18,831,800 $152,862,800 



Calf and kip skins 7,615,800 8,452,000 16,067,800 33,117,700 



Goat and kid skins 860,700 36,895,200 37,755, 900 23,917,000 



Sheep and lamb skins I3,554,QOO 26,535,300 40,090,200 19,257,700 



Miscellaneous skins 1,328,500 4,377,50o 



114,074,200 $233,532,700 



We have at hand no complete, up-to-date statistics of the hide and 

 leather trades of other countries, but the exports and imports from and 

 to three of the important countries of Europe for 1909, 1910 and 

 1919 respectively are as follows: 70 



Germany, 1909-10: Exports Imports 



Cattle hides and calf skins $20,268,080 $ 77,878,836 



Horse hides 1,904832 2,906,498 



Buffalo hides 479,8o8 



Lamb and sheep skins 916,062 6,320,714 



Goat and kid skins 1,355,648 6,902,952 



Other skins (not furs) 69,734 502,560 



Total $24,514,356 $ 94,991,368 



United Kingdom, Imports of hides, 1910 $10,793,718 



United Kingdom, Exports of, hides 1910 2,686,415 



France, Imports of hides, 1919 $20,253,000 



France, Exports of hides, 1919 55,110,600 



Besides the skins specifically enumerated, skins of many other mam- 

 mals are used in the leather industry, among which may be mentioned 



7. S. Bureau of Manufactures, Special Agent Series, No. 49, 1912. 



69 Whalen, Frey, Veitch and Hickman, .Country hides and skins, Farmers' Bull., 

 No. 1055, 1919. For tanning see also Frey, Clarke and Veitch, Home tanning of 

 leather and small fur skins, Farmers' Bull., No. 1334. 



70 The reader will find much information on this subject in the Special Agent 

 Series of the U. S. Bureau of Manufactures, especially Nos. 49, 50, and 200, with 

 other countries treated in other numbers. 



