ARTIODACTYLA 325 



FAMILY BOVIDAE CATTLE, BUFFALOES, SHEEP, GOATS AND THEIR ALLIES 

 This family includes more domesticated mammals than does any 

 other and they are immensely valuable to the human race. As with 

 other domesticated animals, the domestication of cattle and sheep an- 

 tedates written history. 1 They were not introduced into America until 

 the coming of the white race. Hump-backed cattle were domesticated 

 in Egypt as early as 2100 B.C. 2 



The following incomplete statistics will give some sort of an idea 

 of the importance of domesticated Bovidae. Other statistics may be 

 found in Chapters v and vi. 



Domestic stock in the United States in 1925 : 3 



Cattle 61,572,000, worth $3,651,9/0,000 

 Sheep 35,251,000, worth 395,401,000 

 Goats 3,459,000, worth 17,565,000 



100,282,000 $4,064,936,000 



Value of exports from and imports to the United States in 1925 

 was: exports: cattle, $2,388,000; sheep, $270,000; total $2,658,000; 

 imports: cattle, $5,173,000; sheep, $498,000; total, $5,671,000. 



In 1927 there were 57,521,000 cattle, worth $2,430,593,000, and 

 41,909,000 sheep and lambs, worth $406,531,000, in the United States; 

 402, 564,000 cattle (21,824,000 dairy cows) and 240,003,000 sheep and 

 lambs in other countries. 4 



Meat produced in the United States under federal inspection in 

 i 9 25: 5 



Beef 7,146,000,000 pounds, per capita 62.1 pounds 



Veal 1,101,000,000 pounds, per capita 8.7 pounds 



Lamb and mutton 599,000,000 pounds, per capita 5.2 pounds 



The value of mutton and lamb exported was: $313,000; imported, 

 $610,000; value of beef and veal exported: $2,765,000; imported 

 $1,765,000. 



In 1926 milk, butter and cheese to the value of $2,952,012,000 were 

 produced in the United States. 6 Statistics concerning wool and other 

 commodities derived from domesticated Bovidae may be found on sub- 



1 Keller, The derivation of the European domestic animals, Ann. Rept. Smith- 

 sonian Inst. for 1912, pp. 483-491. Morse, The ancestry of domesticated cattle, 2?th 

 Ann. Rept. U. S. Bureau of Animal Industry (for 1910), pp. 187-239, with bibliog- 

 raphy. Austin, Nat 1. Geog. Mag., XVIH, 694, 698, 699, 1917. 



2 Hewitt, The conservation of the ivild life of Canada, p. 310, 1921. 



3 Statistical abstract of U. S. for 1925, U. S. Bureau of Commerce. 

 * New York World Almanac for 1928, pp. 371, 376, 435. 



6 U. S. Dept. Agric. Statistical Bull., No. 20, 1927. 

 6 New York World Almanac for 1928, p. 370. 



