CHAPTER IT. 



HISTORY OF THE APPLE. 



DIFFICULTIES IN THE OUTSET APPLE A GENERIC TERM, AS CORN IS 

 FOB DIFFERENT GRAINS J BIBLE AND HISTORIC USE OF THE WORD 

 THEREFORE UNCERTAIN ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD BOTANICAL 

 CHARACTERS IMPROVABILITY OF THE APPLE NATIVE COUNTRY 



CRUDE NOTIONS OF EARLY VARIETIES PLINY' S ACCOUNT EX- 

 PLAINED CHARLATAN GRAFTING INTRODUCTION INTO BRITAIN 

 ORIGINAL SORTS THERE GERARD'S LIST OF SEVEN HE URGES 

 ORCHARD PLANTING RECIPE FOR POMATUM DERIVATION OF THE 

 WORD VIRGIL'S ADVICE AS TO GRAFTING PLINY'S EULOGY OF 

 THE APPLE; WILL OURS SURVIVE AS LONG? PLINY'S LIST OF 

 29 ACCIDENTAL ORIGIN OF OUR FRUITS CROSSING LORD BA- 

 CON' S GUESS BKADLEY'S ACCOUNT SUCCESS IN THE NETHER- 

 LANDS MR. KNIGHT'S EXPERIMENTS HYBRIDS INFERTILE 

 LIMITS, NONE NATURAL LIMITS OF SPECIES HERBERT'S VIEWS 



DIFFICULTIES ATTEND CROSSING ALSO NO MULES KIRTLAND's 



EXPERIMENTS AND RESULTS OF VAN MONS' THEORY ILLINOIS 

 RESULTS RUNNING OUT OF VARIETIES. 



IN attempting to trace out the history of any plant that 

 has long been subjected to the dominion of man, we are 

 beset with difficulties growing out of the uncertainty of 

 language, and arising also from the absence of precise terms 

 of science in the descriptions or allusions which- we meet 

 26 



