PROPAGATION. 



83 



an arched branch, A, is used. This is inserted under the 

 bark of the stock, B / above the graft an incision is made 

 in the stock down to the wood, to arrest the flow of sap. 

 After the insertion, the wound is covered with grafting 

 wax. The Girardin side graft is. illustrated at the three 

 right-hand figures. A fruit bud, E, or a graft with a 

 terminal fruit bud, D, is inserted under the bark of the 

 stock, (7, in August, or whenever 

 suitable buds can be obtained and 

 the bark will run. The wound is 

 tied and covered with wax, as be- 

 fore. The object of this grafting 

 is to secure immediate fruitage. 

 Another kind of side grafting con- 

 sists in plunging a dirk-shaped 

 knife directly through the tree, in- 

 clining the point downward, into 

 this opening the graft is inserted ; 

 the object being to establish a limb 

 on a naked portion of the trunk. 

 SADDLE GRAFTING is used only 

 with stocks of small size ; it is per- 

 formed by making a double slope 

 upon the stock, and by opening a corresponding space in 

 the graft, by cutting two slopes in the scion, from below 

 upwards, so that they shall meet in the centre, as seen 

 in fig. 14. Some merely split the scion. 



GRAFTING BY APPROACH, or as it is generally termed, 

 inarching, is often* practiced where there is difficulty in 

 making the scion unite with the stock; it is not often 

 needed in the culture of our orchard fruits, but may be 



Fig. 14. SADDLE GRAFT- 



