112 AMERICAN POMOLOGY. 



tying is concerned ; for this is done by a boy who fol- 

 lows immediately after the budder, and some of these 

 require two smart boys. S. S. Jackson has carried this 

 principle of division of labor still further, and, as appears, 

 with advantage ; one hand cuts the shields for another who 

 inserts them. He never uses the haft of his knife to raise 

 the bark, but, after having made the longitudinal cut 

 through the bark, he places the knife in position to make 



Fig. 19. MK. JACKSON'S METHOD OF MAKING THE INCISION. 



the transverse incision, and as he cuts the bark, the edge 

 of the blade being inclined downward, the shield is placed 

 on the stock close above the knife, which is then still 

 further inclined toward the stock, resting upon the shield 

 as a fulcrum ; thus started, the bark will readily yield to 

 the shield, which is then pressed down home into its place. 



J. W. Tenbrook, of Indiana, has invented a little instru- 

 ment with which he makes the longitudinal and transverse 

 incisions, and raises the bark, all at one operation, and in- 



