CHAPTER VII. 



PREPARATION OF THE SOIL FOR 

 AN- ORCHARD. 



DRAINAGE ITS ADVANTAGES SUES' AGE DRAINS MADE WITH THE 

 PLOW MAT BE FOLLOWED BY TILES, OR MOLE PLOW THOROUGH 

 PLOWING TRENCHING TRENCH-PLOWING SUBSOIL PLOWING 

 MANURING NOT OFTEN NEEDED IN A NEW COUNTRY CHARACTER 

 OF MANURES LIME, ALKALIES CLOVER HOW CLOVER ACTS 

 EXHAUSTED FIELDS TO BE IMPROVED BEFORE PLANTING DIGGING 

 THE HOLES DONE WITH THE PLOW STAKES THEIR FUNCTION 

 AND OBJECTS NOT TO TIE TO HOW TO TIE A TREE WHEN NEC- 

 ESSARY PLANTING PREPARING THE TREES TRIMMING, BRANCH- 

 ES AND ROOTS PUDDLING SET TO THE NORTH OF THE STAKES 

 DEPTH TO PLANT LEANING TREES TO THE SOUTHWEST SEASON 

 FOR PLANTING FALL OR SPRING BANKING UP AFTER FALL PLANT- 

 ING MULCHING, ITS OBJECTS MATERIAL TO BE USED CLOVER 

 MULCH. 



The more thoroughly the preparation of the soil, the 

 greater will be the success of the orchardist. Good re- 

 sults, fair crops amply remunerating all outlay, often fol- 

 low the most careless or almost accidental orchard plant- 

 ing ; but trees that are properly set, in well-prepared land, 

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