CHAPTER IX. 



CULTURE, ETC. 



THOROUGH CULTURE SHOULD FOLLOW THOROUGH PREPARATION HOED 

 CROPS RECOMMENDED NO WHITE STRAW CROPS, NOR GRASSES AL- 

 LOWED HOW LONG SHALL WE CULTIVATE THE ORCHARD ? 

 LIMITS THE SPADE AND FORK, AND MULCHING SUBSTITUTED 

 HORSE CULTIVATORS NECESSARY IN LARGE ORCHARDS THESE 

 SHOULD NOT BE DEEP TILLERS, BUT SHALLOW, TO AVOID DISTURB- 

 ING THE ROOTS SEEDING WITH CLOVER MULCHING IMPRACTICA- 

 BLE ON A LARGE SCALE CLOVER MULCH THE MELLOW EARTH 

 AS A MULCH PASTURING AN ORCHARD OBJECTIONS DAMAGE 

 DONE BY HORSES AND MULES BY CATTLE, BY GOATS SHEEP 

 THEIR ADVANTAGES SWINE AND POULTRY MAY BE ADMITTED 

 HOW THEY MAY BE USEFUL DESTRUCTION OF INSECTS POULTRY 

 AND CURCULIO 



In a previous chapter, reference has been made to the 

 necessity of thorough cultivation of the soil among young 

 trees ; but the importance of the proper attention to orchard 

 culture is so great, that it deserves separate consideration. 

 The thorough preparation of the soil before committing 

 the roots of our trees to its embraces, which was fully 

 impressed upon the orchardist, might have induced some 

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