300 AMERICAN POMOLOGY. 



ing the plants to a single stem, tree fashion. In the bush 

 form of this plant, the constant reproduction of new 

 shoots compensates for the destruction caused by the 

 borer. 



There is another currant borer, an European, which is 

 confined to young shoots ; as it is not the larva of a bee- 

 tle, but of a butterfly, it will be treated in its proper 

 place. 



Bostrichus bicaudatus, or the Apple-twig Borer, affects 

 the small twigs, and when numerous, will produce an ef- 

 fect like that called twig-blight, by causing the death of 

 the part and the withering of the leaves, at mid-summer. 

 A small hole will be found near the axil of a leaf; this 

 turns with the twig, and often extends several inches 

 along the pith. The insect is a small, chestnut-brown bee- 

 tle, 0.25 to 0.35 of an inch long, and is characterized by 

 two projections or horns at the hinder end. Has been 

 found rather common from Michigan to Kansas. 



REMEDY. Kill, when found. 



Scolytus pyri, or the Pear-blight Beetle, affects twigs 

 of pear, apple, and other fruits, which wither and die at 

 mid-summer. Small perforations, like pin holes, will be 

 found, and issuing from them small cylindrical beetles of 

 a deep brown or black color. 



REMEDY not known. 



Lucanus damn, or Horn-beetle, is a large insect, the 

 larvae of which are said to feed upon the trunk and roots 

 of old apple and other trees. The perfect insects are 

 of a dark mahogany color, smooth, and polished. Like 

 other Stag-beetles, they fly at night, are not very harmful, 



