320 AMERICAN POMOLOGY. 



few years, Dr. Harris suspected the insect to be the Psyl- 

 la pyri, of Europe. Kollar recommends brushing off the 

 insects, and crushing them under foot ; and also advises to 

 destroy the winged females in the spring. This being 

 tedious and uncertain, it is recommended to wash the 

 twigs with a brush, dipped in a mixture of strong soap- 

 suds and flowers of sulphur, before the buds expand, to de- 

 ter the insects from laying their eggs. A weaker solution, 

 or the whale oil soap, might kill the young insects after 

 they have fastened upon the bark, if applied with a 

 syringe.* 



Cicada septendecim, or the Seventeen-year Locust, as 

 it is erroneously called, is 110 Locust at all, but should be 

 called Cicada, because, as already stated, when copsider- 

 ing the order Orthoptera, the true Locusts, are, what we 

 call Grasshoppers. 



This insect is remarkable for the long period of its pupal 

 existence, which is subterranean, and during which it feeds 

 upon the juices of roots. In its perfect state, it does not 

 eat, and is neither able to bite nor to sting. The injury 

 it does to our orchards is effected by its piercer in deposit- 

 ing its eggs, causing twigs to break and fall off. There 

 are several Harvest-flies that belong to this order. 



Tree Hoppers> being members of the same order, feed 

 upon the juices of plants, through their suckers, and are 

 thus injurious; but their numbers are not sufficient to 

 render them of much consequence. 



PalftOthripS mall, (Fitch), is the name of an insect 

 described by Dr. Fitch * * as infesting apple trees in the 



* Vide Harris' Kept., p. 232. 



* * Kept., p. 403. 



