LILY FAMILY. 355 



of a strong odor, with tunicated (biennial ?) bulbs. Scapes naked, or 

 with sheathing-Ieaves below, solid or fistular. Leaves mostly narrow, 

 channelled, semi-cyliudric, or terete, often hollow, sometimes flat. Umbel 

 terminal, embraced by a membranaceous 1 - 2-valved marcescent spathe- 

 like involucre. Flowers sometimes changed into bulblets. 



* Umbel often densely bulb bearing, with or without flowers. 

 f Leaves flat. 



1. A. SATI'VUM, L. Scape terete, leafy to the middle; leaves lance- 

 linear, somewhat channelled ; spathe 1-valved, with a long acumination, 

 caducous. 



CULTIVATED ALLIUM. Garden or English Garlic. 



Fr. L'Ail. Germ. Der Lauch. Knoblauch. Span. Ajo. 



Growing in bunches. Radical bulbs compound, consisting of small bulbous offsets, 

 called doves. Scape 1-2 feet high, smooth the lower half apparently leafy, by the ex- 

 tension of the sheaths. Lea ves 9-15 inches long, distichously arranged. Heads or um- 

 bels bearing numerous small ovoid-oblong bulbs, each bulb with a membranous cover 

 ing. Calyx pale purple. 



Gardens : cultivated. Native of Europe. Fl. July. Fr. September. 



Obs. Cultivated as an article of medicine and used by some to season 

 food, for which purpose it is extensively used in the Spanish American 

 parts of our continent. 



f f Leaves terete and hollow. 



2. A. vinea'le, L. Scape terete, slender, sparingly leafy to the mid- 

 dle ; leaves terete, with a narrow channel on the upper side ; spathe ab- 

 ruptly acuminate. 



YINE (or VINEYARD) ALLIUM. Garlic. Field Garlic. Crow Garlic. 

 Fr. Ail des Yignes. Germ. Acker-Lauch. Wein-bergs-Lauch. 



Bulbs small. Scape 2-3 feet high, very slender, with a few leaves below the middle* 

 leases 8 -12 or 15 inches long. Umbel globose, about an inch in diameter (smaller and 

 densely capitate when bearing bulbs the bulbs often vegetating while in the heads) 

 pedicels of the flowers filiform, clavate. Calyx deep purple, tinged with green. 



Pastures and cultivated grounds : introduced. Native of Europe. Fl. June. Fr. Aug. 



Obs. Tradition says, this species was introduced by the first Welsh 

 immigrants to Pennsylvania, for the purpose of supplying an early pas- 

 ture. It is now completely naturalized, and was formerly so abundant 

 in some districts, as to be quite a nuisance. It not only imparted a dis- 

 gusting flavor to milk, butter, &c., but, by its abundance among the 

 wheat, seriously injured the flour, and rendered the manufacture of it 

 difficult. Our best farmers, however, have now nearly subdued it, by the 

 improvement of their land, and a judicious rotation of crops. A native 

 species, the Meadow Garlic (A, Canaden'se, Kalm.), is frequent in moist 

 meadows ; it has flat leaves borne at the base of the scape. 



3. A. CE'PA, L. Scape leafy at base only, fistular, and vcntricose below 



