BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX 



of medicine was expounded about 1796, and later 

 elaborated in his work "Organon der Rationellen 

 Heilkunde." 



Hales, Stephen, ii, 298. Born at Bekes- 

 bourne, Kent, Sept. 7, 1677; died at Tel- 

 dington, near London, Jan. 4, 1761. English 

 clergyman, inventor, and physiologist. His most 

 important invention was a "ventilator" for in- 

 troducing fresh air into jails, mines, ships' holds, 

 etc. Only four deaths in four years occurred in 

 the Savoy Prison after this ventilator was intro- 

 duced there, whereas the mortality previous to 

 that time had been from 50 to 100 per annum. 

 Hales' work, "Vegetable Statics" (1727), on the 

 subject of vegetable physiology was the first im- 

 portant publication on the subject. 



Hall, Marshall, M.D., F.R.S.L., iv, 251. Born 

 at Basford, Notts, Feb. 18, 1790; died at 

 Brighton, England, Aug. n, 1857. English 

 physician, the discoverer of the phenomena 

 known as reflex action. This discovery marked 

 an epoch in physiology. The most popular of 

 Hall's discoveries was his "ready method" for 

 resuscitating in drowning, by which innumera- 

 ble lives have been saved. 



Haller, Albrecht von, iv, 73. Born at Bern, 

 Switzerland, Oct. 16, 1708; died at Bern, Dec. 

 J 7> T 777- Anatomist, physiologist, botanist, and 

 poet. A sickly, but precocious child, he read 

 and expounded the Bible at the age of four; and 

 before ten years of age had "sketched a Chaldee 

 grammar, prepared a Greek and a Hebrew vo- 

 cabulary, and compiled a collection of two thou- 

 sand biographies of famous men and women." 

 His greatest contribution to medicine was his 



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