BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX 



the rate of falling in a vacuum was the same. 

 The name "Mariotte's law" is given to the prin- 

 ciple discovered by Boyle that the volume of a 

 given mass of gas varies inversely as the pres- 

 sure which it bears at any given temperature. 



Marsh, Othniel Charles, iii, 107. Born at 

 Lockport, New York, Oct. 29, 1831; died at 

 New Haven, Conn., March 18, 1899. American 

 paleontologist. He is especially remembered for 

 his work in collecting and classifying the fossils 

 found in the Rocky Mountain region. It was 

 he who discovered the earliest progenitors of 

 the horse, the fossil remains of which were 

 found during this extensive work in the West. 



Maspero, Gaston Camille Charles, i, 28. Born 

 at Paris, June 24, 1846. French Egyptologist. 

 His best known work is "History of the Ancient 

 People of the Orient." 



Maupertius, Pierre Louis Moreau de, iv, 149. 

 Born at St. Malo, France, July 17, 1698; died at 

 Basel, Switzerland, July 27, 1759. French as- 

 tronomer, mathematician, and philosopher. In 

 1736-37 he went to Lapland and measured ac- 

 curately a degree of longitude. He supported 

 the Newtonian theory against the Cartesians, 

 and had conceived vaguely the idea of transmu- 

 tation of species. 



Maury, Matthew Fontaine, iii, 196. Born at 

 Spottsylvania County, Va., Jan. 14, 1806; died 

 at Lexington, Va., Feb. i, 1873. Ameri- 

 can naval officer, hydrographer and meteorolo- 

 gist. Advocated a theory of gravitation as the 

 chief cause of ocean currents. He gave the 

 first complete description of the Gulf Stream. 



Maxim, Sir Hiram Stevens, vi, 228; vii, 283. 



