SEX-CHARACTERS IN EVOLUTION 109 



when bred with grossulariata <J produces 's and $'s 

 all grossulariata, these of course being heterozygous. 

 When the F l grossulariata $ was bred with the wild 

 lacticolor $ it produced both forms in both sexes, 

 and thus lacticolor $ was obtained for the first time. 

 When this lacticolor $ was bred with F l grossulariata 

 $ it produced all the <J's grossulariata and all the $'s 

 lacticolor. Bateson's explanation is that the female, 

 according to the Mendelian theory of sex, is hetero- 

 zygous in sex, the male homozygous and recessive, and 

 that lacticolor is linked with the female sex-character, 

 grossulariata being repelled by that character. Thus 

 we have, the lacticolor character being recessive, 



tact, cf , LL<3<3 X F, gross.Q GL^6 

 Gametes L$ + L<5 X G6 + L<^ 



| B 



r n 



GL tfcf LL 90 



gross. Cf tact. 9 



It will be seen that although in the progeny of this 

 mating all the grossulariata were males and all the 

 lacticolor females, yet this case is by no means 

 similar to that of sexual dimorphism in which the 

 characters are normally always confined to the same 

 sex. For the lacticolor character in the parent was 

 in the male, while in the offspring it was in the female. 

 We cannot say here that in the theoretical factors 

 which are supposed to represent what happens, the 

 lacticolor character is coupled with the female sex- 

 factor, for we find it with the male sex-character in 

 the lacticolor $. It is so coupled only in the hetero- 

 zygous grossulariata $, and at the same time the 

 grossulariata character is repelled. 



