THE-;- HORSE 



water sooner than on the occasions when his 

 thirst was not so great and he moved slowly 

 in the direction of the trough. He has the 

 psycho-physiological desire for water, and he 

 arrives at a kind of analogical induction, re- 

 membering all the times he has hurried in 

 order that he could drink and was able to 

 satisfy his thirst, that hurrying to drink means 

 immediate drinking. This, then, is the real 

 reason for his hurrying forward, and is based 

 upon comparison and analogy. 



Horses shown at circuses, supposed to be 

 able to do mathematical problems and dis- 

 tinguish colors pertaining to persons in the 

 audience, are animals that have extraordi- 

 narily keen perception. But the counting or 

 distinguishing a color, or any other remark- 

 able feat a horse is supposed to perform by 

 virtue of his reasoning faculties, is accom- 

 plished entirely by trick methods, and a super- 

 finely cultivated sense. The horse will paw 

 a certain number of times, or pick up a color, 

 because his trainer has made some almost im- 

 perceptible movement with whip, hand or 

 body, and not because he has in any way 

 understood from the man's discourse what he 

 is wanted to do. 



Trick animals of this sort are usually in- 

 structed according to system, and the animal 

 is made to do a number of things always in 

 the same order. He finally forms a habit and, 



96 



