60 



AMERICAN GRAPE CULTURE. 



plication. These will be understood by an in- 

 spection of Fig. 20, the left-hand side of which 

 is a vine pruned for fruit. The part D, proceed- 

 ing from the ground, is called the stock or body 

 of the vine. The horizontal part, C, growing 

 at right angles from the stock, is called a horizon- 

 tal arm. A, A, A, on this arm, are spurs: 

 B, B, B, are canes. There are other parts, 

 which the reader will learn as we go along ; 



Fig. 20. 



but these are the principal ones, and the en- 

 graving shows their relation to each other. 

 The right-hand side of the engraving shows the 

 vine in fruit on the renewal system, with the 

 canes unpruned, which will be explained in its 

 proper place. 



Double Horizontal Arms First Year. 

 There are many modes of training, some of the 

 best of which we shall explain ; but all good 



