78 AMERICAN GRAPE CULTURE. 



the fruit canes is not shown for want of room 

 on the page. 



At the end of the season we shall have a vine 

 with several upright fruit. canes, and two canes 

 at the ends of the arms for their extension. 

 The arms, as we have already said, should be 

 extended very gradually. The second and sub- 

 sequent extensions should be even more gradual 

 than the first ; if the arms are carried out too 

 rapidly, there is danger of weakening the ac- 

 tion of the part first laid down. AS a general 

 rule, one foot will be enough for the annual ex- 

 tension of the arms. In some cases it may be 

 more; in others less. We have already pretty 

 clearly indicated the nature of both these 

 cases. We shall suppose that about one foot is 

 to be added to each arm. The end canes must 

 then, of course, be cut to the required length. 

 The upright canes now remain to be pruned. 

 These we propose to convert into spurs. This 

 is done by cutting these canes down to two eyes 

 each. Fig. 29 shows the appearance of the 



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Fig. 29. 



vine when pruned and the addition made to 

 the arms, except that the addition in the cut is 



