TKAINING VARIOUS FORMS. 151 



feet. The only improvement we would suggest 

 would be to bend the arms to a horizontal posi- 

 tion, and grow them in tiers. 



Something like this was done by Dr. May, 

 of Warsaw, 111., several years ago. He has two 

 systems, the double horizontal arm, and the 

 Guyot, with permanent arms. Beginning at 

 the ground, he takes the arms up to the wire 

 at an angle of about forty-five degrees, and then 

 horizontally along the wire. His idea was, that 

 he could in this way bend his arms down easier 

 for winter covering. Figs. 86 and 87 are from 

 a drawing furnished by Dr. May. 



Reversed Horizontal Arms. This plan con- 

 sists in bending the arms in reversed order in 

 the first stage of formation. The ends should 

 be bent to the ground, and pegged there. Re- 

 versing in this way tends to equalize the action 

 of the plant, causing the buds near the stock to 

 grow much stronger than they otherwise would. 

 To secure its full benefits, the end should re- 

 main pegged down during a portion of the sea- 

 son, or until the action of the plant has well de- 

 veloped the canes near the stock. If they are 

 at the beginning well established in this way, or 

 by laying down a portion only of the arm at a 

 time, they will remain good pretty nearly as 



