KENEWING ARMS. 315 



this one, and not have it uselessly wasted on 

 many. 



^Renewing Arms. It sometimes becomes 

 necessary to renew or replace an arm from acci- 

 dental causes, and our work would be very im- 

 perfect if we failed to explain how it is to be 

 done. In the Guyot plan, with a permanent 

 arm, the renewal is comparatively easy. The 

 reader will remember that in this system we 

 have two or three long canes or safety-valves, 

 and these furnish the ready means for making a 

 new arm. Let us suppose the arm in Fig. 48, 

 p. 102, is to be renewed. If it has a spur or two 

 that will bear fruit, it need not be cut off yet; 

 but unless a few bunches of good fruit can be 

 got from it, it should be cut entirely away at 

 once. Now proceed as follows : Take the low- 

 est-placed cane, d, cut it one third the length 

 of the arm, and lay it down horizontally. From 

 this point extend the arm in the usual manner. 

 If the old arm, or any portion of it, was left on 

 for growing fruit, it should be cut away at the 

 end of the first season. One of the advantages 

 of this system consists in the facility with 

 which an arm may be renewed. 



Double Horizontal Arms. As a general 

 thing, the best way to renew the arms is to cut 



