328 AMERICAN GRAPE CULTURE. 



above it. This is readily done by making the 

 arm from the tipper cane. In this system, we 

 have found that two canes are as many as should 

 be used. If more are used, the action is diverted 

 too strongly from the arm. A friend, who grows 

 a part of his vineyard on the Guyot plan, meet- 

 ing with the same difficulty, we advised him to 

 lay down one of the canes at right angles with 

 the permanent arm, and let it carry a little more 

 fruit. This he has done for four years past with 

 satisfactory results, thus combining the renewal 

 and the permanent arm. This would be a good 

 plan to follow in some cases, while the vines are 

 young. The rule should be, not to have more 

 than two safety valves. If more action is 

 needed in the arm, the uprights must be 

 pinched ; and if this is not sufficient, they must 

 be bent to an angle, but restored again if ac- 

 tion becomes too great at the end of the arm. 



In conclusion, a general supervision should 

 be exercised, to see that every thing is done at 

 the right time and in the right manner. Such 

 supervision should never be intrusted to negli- 

 gent or incompetent hands. 



