1 4 1 AMERICAN GRAPE CULTURE. 



ally through, tile, or the canes may be grown 

 along the border till they are sufficiently long 

 to reach the house, and then carried there 

 through the tile, and brought up through neat 

 earthen pedestals. There are many other cases 

 in which the plan may be usefully applied, 

 such, for example, as making a border on one 

 side of a house while the vines are trained on 

 another. 



Plan of Charmeux.- Fig. 164 presents .an- 

 other good " study," which may be applied to a 

 wall, a high trellis, or a house. It is another lite- 

 ral copy from the French, showing the alternate 

 single and double spurs, and also an improved 

 arrangement of the stocks, by which the arms 

 in the lower tiers are more equally shaded. It 

 is the plan practiced at Thomery by M. Char- 

 meux. It was found, in the course of time, 

 that the shading of one arm more than another 

 produced an unfavorable effect, destroying the 

 balance of the arms, and the present arrange- 

 ment was made to counteract it. It will be 

 seen, on examination, that the stocks of the 

 upper tiers shade the lower arms in about the 

 same place on each side. This is a matter of 

 more moment than would at first sight appear. 

 The stocks might, indeed, be carried up behind 



