412 AMERICAN GRAPE CULTURE. 



zontally, so as to "bring them all on the same 

 level. To do the training neatly, at three feet 

 from the stock, six stakes should be driven in 

 at equal distances, so as to form a circle six feet 

 in diameter. Connect the opposite stakes to- 

 gether by wires crossing each other in the 

 middle at the stock. From each spur two canes 

 must be grown, making a cane for each wire. 

 The canes may carry two bunches each, and 



Fig. 166. 



should receive their first pinching three leaves 

 from the fruit. Athallage will need pretty 

 constant attention. The fruit, in consequence 

 of receiving so much radiated heat from the 

 earth in the fall, will ripen finely. An early 

 frost may.easily be kept off by throwing a sheet 

 over the vine. 



Training without Stakes. Fig. 166 is an ex. 



