INDEX. 341 



and the uterus, not being destined for that purpose, are differently 

 constructed, 213. Waste of organized tissues rapid in carnivora, 73- 



ORGANS. The food of animals always consists of parts of organisms, 

 2. All organs in the body contain nitrogen, 42, 43. There must 

 exist organs for the production of nervous matter, 179 ; and the 

 vegetable alkalies may be viewed as food for these organs, ib. 



ORIGIN. Of animal heat, 16, 29. Of fat, 78 et seq. Of the nitrogen 

 exhaled from the lungs, 109 et seq. Of gelatine, 121 et seq. Of 

 uric acid and urea, 129 et seq. Of bile, 128, 136, 139 et seq. 150. 

 Of hippuric acid, 143, 315. Of the chief secretions and excretions, 

 145. Of the soda of the bile, 153 et seq. Of the nitrogen in bile, 

 1 60. Of nervous matter, 1 73 et seq. 



ORTIGOSA. His analysis of starch, 286. 



OXALIC ACID. A product, along with urea, of the partial oxidation 

 of uric acid, occurring in the form of mulberry calculus, 131. Its 

 analysis, 311. 



OXYGEN. Amount consumed by man daily, 12, 271. Amount con- 

 sumed daily in oxidizing carbon by the horse and cow, 14. The 

 absorption of oxygen characterizes animal life, 2. The action of 

 oxygen is the cause of death in starvation and in chronic diseases, 

 24 - 26. The amount of oxygen inspired varies with the tempera- 

 ture, dryness, and density of the air, 16. Is carried by arterial 

 blood to all parts of the body, 163. Fat differs from sugar and 

 starch only in the amount of oxygen, 81. It also contains less oxy- 

 gen than albumen, fibrine, &c., 83. The formation of fat de- 

 pends on a deficiency of oxygen 85 et seq.; and helps to sup- 

 ply this deficiency, 86. Oxygen essential to digestion, 108. Re- 

 lation of oxygen to some of the tissues formed from proteine, 120. 

 Oxygen and water, added to blood or to flesh, yield the elements 

 of bile and of urine, 128. Action of oxygen on uric acid, 129, 

 132; on hippuric acid, 79, 133; on blood, ib. ; on proteine, with 

 uric acid, 144 ; on proteine and starch, with water, ib. ; on 

 choleic acid, 146 ; on proteine, with water, 147. By depriving 

 starch of oxygen and water, choloidic acid may be formed, 

 150. Oxygen is essential to the change, of matter, 164. Its action 

 on the azotized constituents of plants when separated, 202. Its 

 action on the muscular fibre essential to the production of force, 

 209-215. Oxygen is absorbed by hybernating animals, 229. Is 

 the cause of the waste of matter, 231 ; and of animal heat, 232. 

 Blood-letting acts by diminishing the amount of oxygen which acts 

 on the body, 247. Its absorption is the cause of the change of color 

 from venous to arterial blood, 253. The globules probably contain 

 29* 



