LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xvii 



FIG. PAGE 



67. Human tongue. (Thome, Zoologie) 123 



68. Liver, stomach, spleen and pancreas (liver and stomach laid open). 



(Ranke, Der Mensch) 126 



69-71. Gastric glands of man. (Oppel, Part I.) 127 



72. Inferior surface of the liver. (Ranke, Der Mensch) .... 132 



V 73. A portion of the liver. (Thome, Zoologie) 133 



74. Liver cells. (Haeckel, Anthropogenic} 133 



75. Wolffian bodies of the human embryo. (Kobelt) .... 137 



76. Section of human kidney. (Ranke) 138 



77. (i) Malpighian body of man. (2) 3 epithelial cells from convoluted 



canaliculi. (Kolliker, Gewebelehre) 138 



78. Transverse section of medulla spinalis from the region of the back. 



(Thome, Zoologie) . . . . . . . . .151 



79. Spinal cord ; front view. (Thome", Zoologie) 152 



80. Nervous system of man 154 



81. Median section of brain . . 157 



82. Human brain viewed from beneath 161 



83. Sagittal section of the parietal eye, parietal nerves and distal extremity 



of the epiphysis of an almost mature embryo of Hatteria punctata. 



(Oppel, Vergl. mikr. Anat., Part v., Fig. 83) .... 165 



84. Epiphysis and surrounding parts of the skull of a child of twelve 



years. (Oppel, Vergl. mikr. Anat., Part v., Fig. 123) . . . 166 



85. Touch-bulbs in the hand of the ape. (Kollmann) .... 173 



86. Touch-bulbs in the human hand. (Hibert) 173 



87. Diagrammatic section of the right eye. (Thome, Zoologie) . . 176 



88. The eyeballs represented as lying imbedded in the orbital fat with the 



attachments of the oculomotor muscles. (From Thome, Zoologie) 177 



89. Outer wall of right half of the nose. (From Thome, Zoologie) . . 179 



90. Olfactory nerve-cells, highly magnified. (Thome, Zoologie) . . 180 



91. Female nosed ape. (Haeckel, Anthropogenie) 181 



92. Male nosed ape. (Haeckel, Anthropogenie) 181 



93. (i) Circumvallate papillee ; (2) Individual taste-bud. (Highly magni- 



fied.) (Thome, Zoologie) 182 



94. Human ear 186 



95-96. Ape's ear. (Haeckel, Anthropogenie) ...... 187 



97-98. Man's ear. (Haeckel, Anthropogenie) 187 



99. Human ear ' 188 



100. How a quadruped stands 192 



101. How the bird stands 193 



102. Man standing naturally. (Munk-Schultz) 194 



103. Fore-legs of horse, stepping and supporting. (Munk-Schultz, Physio- 



logie) 196 



104. Erect gait of gibbon . . 197 



105. Erect gait of orang-utan 197 



106-107. How a man walks. (Munk-Schult/) 198 



108. Aortic valves. (From Ranke) . . 203 



109. Human respiratory movements. (Munk-Schultz) . . . .211 



no. "Larynx in inspiration. (Munk-Schultz) ...... 212 



in. Larynx during phonation. (Munk-Schultz) . . . . . 212 



112. A ripe human Graafian follicle. (Haeckel) 224 



