CONTENTS 



PAGE 



PREFACE - . - --5 



HINTS TO STUDENTS ON PRACTICAL WORK . - . . 17 



CHAPTER 



I. INTRODUCTORY. PLANTS AND ANIMALS . . 21 

 II. ORGANIC SUBSTANCES AND THEIR CHEMICAL 



CHARACTERS ' . . . . 36 



III. SOME PHYSICAL CHARACTERS OF ORGANIC SUB- 



STANCES ... . f . .'. . . 48 



IV. PROTOPLASM AND THE AMCEBA. PROTOCOCCUS . 61 

 V. THE VITAL FUNCTIONS . .... 76 



VI. THE CELL 92 



VII. THE GREEN PLANT CELL 112 



VIII. THE COLOURLESS PLANT CELL. THE YEAST 



PLANT 127 



IX. BACTERIA 138 



X. SAPROPHYTIC FUNGI. MUCOR AND PENICILLIUM. 157 



XI. PARASITIC FUNGI . . . . . . . 169 



XII. ORIGIN OF SEX AND OF THE SOMA. THE 



GREEN ALG^E . . . . '. . 184 



XIII. DIFFERENTIATION OF TISSUES. Fucus : THE 



SEA WRACK ....... 214 



15 



