4IO INDEX 



sporogonium, 237, 240 

 spring wood, 335, 336 

 stamens, 345, 346. 352, 353. 3^4 

 starch, 40, 43, 45, 77, 90, 118-120, 



122, 178, 186, 209, 376, 377, 



381, 39.6 

 starch grains, 40, 46, 117, 118, 



126, 234, 301, 319, 375, 380 

 sterilisation, 146, 147 

 stigma, 348, 35 L 355, 356, 357, 



364- 385 

 stimulus, 26, 86 

 stipe, 215, 216, 219 

 stolons, 261 

 stoma, 115, 242, 303, 305-308, 



317. 339 

 stone cells, 280 

 storage tissue (of Fucus), 222 

 struggle for existence, 401 

 style, 346, 348, 351, 364, 37 

 subaerial shoot, see aerial 

 suberin, 284, 299, 339 

 subordinate rays, 335, 336 

 sucrose, 38, 39, 45 

 sugars, 38, 39, 45. 5^, 57. 77, 81- 



83, 114, 117-122, 149, 159, 305, 



310, 380, 395. 396 

 supporting tissue, 279, 320 

 surface energy, 52 

 surface tension, 52, 69, 70 

 suspensoid, 49, 59 

 suspensor, 361-364 

 synergidae, 349, 350 



taproot, 256, 257, 267, 288 

 taxis, 87 



teleutospores, 179-181 

 terminal bud, 256, 258, 261, 262, 



265, 316, 320, 321, 328 

 testa, 364, 369, 371, 378-380 

 thallus, 214, 233 

 tissue mother cell, 331-334 

 tissues, 80, 94, 95, 98, 106, 107, 



217, 238, 241, 242, 270 

 tracheids, 280-283 

 tracheids, annular, 281, 295 

 tracheids, pitted, 282 

 tracheids, reticulate, 282 

 tracheids, scalariform, 282 

 tracheids, spiral, 280-282, 295 

 transpiration, 304, 310 

 tropisms, 87, 288, 315 

 tubers, 119, 262, 265, 266, 325 

 turgor (turgidity), 108, 109, no, 



305. 37 



ultra-microscope, 50 

 ultra-microscopic particles, 50, 5 1 , 



61 

 unicellular organism, 66, 93, 96, 



184, 185 

 urea, 65, 83 

 uredospores, 178-181 

 uric acid, 83 



vacuole, 62, too, 101, 107-109, 



in, 115, 117, 125, 128, 158, 



207, 217, 218, 270, 273, 274, 



275, 296 



vacuole wall, 101, 102 

 vascular bundles, 302, 310, 317, 



318, 321, 324, 325 

 vascular cylinder, 291, 293, 294, 



295. 297, 317, 318, 319, 322, 



324. 325 



Vascular Plants, 241-243 

 vascular system, 242, 246 

 vascular tissue, 317 

 vegetative reproduction, 206, 241, 



248, 266, 267 

 veins, 302, 310-312, 325 

 vessels, 282, 283, 293, 296, 297, 



324, 325, 332, 335 

 vestibule, 306, 308 

 " vital functions," 76, 92, 97, 



390 

 Volvox, 197-200 



water cultures, 123 



water, essential importance of, 37 



water tissue, 275, 276, 310 



wilting, 109, 308, 320 



wind pollination, 358 



wine-making, 134 



wings, 215, 216, 218 



winter buds, 329, 330 



woody plants, 255, 328 



wort, 132-134, 381 



xanthophyll, 112, 214 



xylem, 293, 295, 298, 302, 304, 



310, 311, 317, 318, 331-334 

 xylem (wood) fibre, 332-335 



yeast plant, 128-136, 142, 143, 

 150 



zoogkea, 141 



zoospores, 172, 173, 175, 176, 203 



zygote, 162-164, 175, 189, 208- 



210, 225, 236, 244, 352, 361 



