CARNARIA. 63 



with conical points, they are preceded by a variable number of false 

 molars. Their index never has a nail, and, one submenus excepted, the 

 membrane is always extended between the two legs. 



They should be divided into two principal tribes. The first has three 

 ossified phalanges in the middle finger of the wing, but the remainder, in- 

 cluding the index itself, consists of but two. 



The tribe of true bats is now divided into numerous subgenera such as 

 JMblossus, Nodilio, Vampirus, &c. &c., distinguished by the absence or 

 presence of a tail, the fact of its being free above the membrane or in- 

 volved in it, the presence of a membrane on the nose, number of incisors, 

 &c. &c. 



GALEOPITHECUS, Pall. 



The Galeopitheci differ generically from the Vespertilios, in the fingers, 

 all armed with trenchant nails, which are not longer than the toes, so that 

 the membrane which occupies their intervals, and extends to the sides of 

 the tail, can only act as a parachute. The canini are denticulated and 

 short like the molars. There are two upper denticulated incisors widely 

 separated from each other, below there are six, split into narrow strips, 

 like a comb, a structure altogether peculiar to this genus. The animals 

 belonging to it are found in the Indian Archipelago, on the trees, among 

 which they pursue Insects, and perhaps Birds. If we can judge by the 

 injury the teeth sustain from age, they use fruit also. 



One species only is well ascertained, the Flying Lemur. Fur greyish 

 red above, reddish below; spotted and striped with various shades of grey 

 when young. From the Molucca islands, straits of Sunda, 8cc. 



All the other Carnaria have the mammae situated under the ab- 

 domen. 



FAMILY II. 



INSECTIVORA. 



The animals of this family, like the Cheiroptera, have grinders 

 studded with conical points, and lead a nocturnal or subterraneous 

 life. Their principal food is Insects, and in cold climates many of 

 them pass the winter in a torpid state. Unlike the Bats, they have 

 no lateral membranes, although they always have clavicles. Their 

 feet are short and their motions feeble. In walking they all place 

 the whole sole of the foot on the ground. 



They differ from each other by the relative position and propor- 

 tions of their incisors and canini. 



