PACHYDERMATA. Ill 



sandy deserts of central Asia. It is of an Isabella or cream colour, with a 

 black mane, and a dorsal line of the same colour; the tail is terminated by a 

 black tuft. It is probably the Wild Mule of the ancients. 



E. asinus. (The Ass.) Known by its long 1 ears, the tuft which termi- 

 nates the tail, and the black cross on the shoulders, which is the first indi- 

 cation of the stripes which distinguish the following- species. Originally 

 from the great deserts of central Asia, it is still to be found there in a wild 

 state, and in innumerable troops, ranging from north to south according 1 

 to the season; hence it thrives but poorly in the more northern climates. 

 The hoarseness of its voice, or bray, depends upon two small peculiar cavi- 

 ties situated at the bottom of the larynx. 



E. zebra, (The Zebra.) Nearly the same form as the Ass; the whole 

 animal regularly marked with black and white transverse stripes, originally 

 from the whole south of Africa. 



E. quaccha. (The Couagga.) Resembles the Horse more than the Zebra, 

 but comes from the same country. The hair on the neck and shoulders is 

 brown, with whitish transverse stripes; the croup is of a reddish grey; tail 

 and legs whitish. The name is expressive of its voice, which resembles the 

 barking of a Dog. 



E. montanus. (The Onagga. ) An African species, smaller than the Ass, 

 but having the beautiful form of the Couagga; its colour is a very light bay, 

 with black stripes, alternately wider and narrower, on the head, neck and 

 body. Those behind slant obliquely forwards; legs and tail white. 



ORDER VIII. 



RUMINANTIA. 



The term Ruminantia indicates the singular faculty possessed by 

 these animals of masticating their food a second time, by bringing 

 it back to the mouth after a first deglutition. This faculty depends 

 upon the structure of their stomachs, of which they always have 

 four, the three first being so disposed that the food may enter into 

 either of them, the oesophagus terminating at the point of commu- 

 nication. 



CAMELUS, Lin. 



The Camels approximate to the preceding order rather more than the 

 others. They not only always have canini in both jaws, but they also have 

 two pointed teeth implanted in the incisive bone, six inferior incisors and 

 from eighteen to twenty molars only; peculiarities, which, of all the Humi- 



