514 THE ANIMAL KINGDOM. 



suchungen, Frankfort a. M. iv. 1858. Of Tenthredinidae, Cameron, Brit. Phytophagous 

 Hymenoptera, Ray Soc. i. p. 25. Of Cynipidae, Adler, Z. W. Z. xxxv. 1881 (cf. 

 A. N. H. (5), viii.) Of Gastropacha (Coleopteron), Osborne, Nature, xx. 1879 ; xxii. 

 1880. Of a Trichopteron, Id. op. cit. xxii. Of Chironomus Grimmii, Schneider, 

 Zool. Beitrage, i. (3) 1885. 



Occasional parthenogenesis, cf. Gerstaecker, Bronn's Klass. und Ordn. des 

 Thierreichs, v. Abth. i. p. 164. 



Paedogenesis of Ceccidomyidae, Wagner, Z. W. Z. xiii. 1863; Meinert (transl. 

 by von Siebold), Pagenstecher, Z. W. Z. xiv. 1864; Ganin, Z. W. Z. xv. 1865; 

 Leuckart, A. N. 31 (i), 1865 (cf. A. N. H. (3), xvii.) ; Mecznikow, Z. W. Z. xvi. 

 1866, p. 407 ; Schneider, Zool. Beitrage, i. (3), 1885, p. 272. 



Hyper-metamorphosis : of Mantispa, Brauer, Verhandl. z. b. Ges. Wien, xix. 

 1869: of Meloidae, Riley, Amer. Naturalist, xii. 1878; cf. xvii. pt. 2, 1883, p. 790; 

 Lichtenstein, A. N. H. (5), i. 1878 ; iv. 1879 ; Beauregard, A. N. H. (5), xvi. 1885 ; 

 Id. C. R. 101, 1885 ; Newport, Tr. L. S. xx. 1851 ; Fabre, A. Sc. N. (4), vii. 1857. 



Phosphorescence: Luciola, Emery, Z. W. Z. xl. 1884; Id. Arch. Ital. Biol. vii. 

 1886; of Cucuyo (Elateridae) Heinemann, A. M. A. xxvii. 1886. Lampyridae, 

 Wielowicjski, ' Studien,' &c. Z. W. Z. xxxvii. 1882. Non-luminosity of Fulgoridae, 

 Champion, Proc. Entom. Soc. 1883, pp. xx. xxi. 



Dimorphism : Seasonal, Weismann, ' Studies in Theory of Descent ' (transl. by 

 Meldola), London, 1880-82; Scudder, 'Butterflies,' New York, 1881 : Sexual, 

 Wallace, 'Contributions to Natural Selection,' London, 1870, p. 130; Mansel 

 Weale and Trimen, Trans. Entom. Soc. 1874 (specimens in Hope Collection, 

 Oxford Museum); Trimen, ibid. 1881. 



Mimicry: Bates, ' Lepidoptera of Amazons,' Tr. L. S. xxiii. 1862; Trimen, 

 'African Butterflies,' ibid. xxvi. 1870; Wallace, op. cit. supra, p. 45; F. Miiller 

 'On Ituna] Trans. Entom. Soc. 1879, P- xx - 



Variation induced by Isolation, Weismann, ' Einfluss der Isolirung auf die Art- 

 bildung,' Leipzig, 1872. 



Insects in relation to Flowers, Darwin, 'Insectivorous Plants,' London, 1875; 

 Geddes, under same title, Encyclopaedia Britannica (ed. ix.), xiii. 1881 ; Kerner, 

 'Flowers and their Unbidden Guests' (transl.), London, 1878; H. Miiller, 'Ferti- 

 lisation of Flowers ' (transl.), London, 1883. 



Genealogy of Insects, cf. lit. p. 162. 



CLASS MYRIAPODA. 



Terrestrial tr ache ate Arthropoda, with a head, followed by a series, 

 usually numerous, of similar somites : with a pair of antennae, mandibles, 

 and maxillae. Limbs 6-7 jointed, ending with a claw. 



The body is elongate, and of nearly the same diameter throughout, 

 and either flattened dorso-ventrally or cylindrical. In the Archipolypoda 

 it appears to have been fusiform. The head is generally somewhat flattened. 

 The numbers of somites in the body varies from five (Eupauropus) to 

 some hundreds in the Gcophilidae (CJdlopoda\ In CJiilopoda the head is 



