FLAGELLATA 41 



tendency for the conjunction of several individuals by means of 

 their pseudopodia, was so marked that associations ensued similar 

 to those known in free-living rhizopods. 



The plasma enclosed blood corpuscles as well as numerous 

 vacuoles, one of which pulsated slowly (every quarter of an hour), 

 and a vesicular nucleus the diameter of which was about equal 

 to one-fifth of the entire body. 



Propagation took place by means of division and budding, after 

 previous direct division of the nucleus. The buds are supposed 

 to repeatedly divide soon after their appearance, thus giving rise 

 to minute formations of 0-003 mm - 



There was a suspicion in both cases that the ascites was asso- 

 ciated with malignant neoplasms in the abdomen, and autopsy 

 verified this view in one case. 



Notwithstanding the fact that after this publication the ascites fluid in 

 analogous cases has been diligently examined for Leydenia, only two confirma- 

 tory reports exist hitherto, according, to my knowledge. One is due to 

 Lauenstein, 1 the other to Ley den.* The latter first of all mentions the 

 fact that the second case of the two mentioned above also came to the 

 post-mortem room and confirmed the correctness of the diagnosis, lie also 

 reports that in a large number of cases the fluid drawn from numerous 

 ascites patients was examined, and the same remarkable cells with amoe- 

 boid motion were repeatedly found. According to Ley den these bodies are 

 so characteristic of carcinomatous ascites that he succeeded a few times by 

 means of their presence in correctly giving a decision in cases of doubtful 

 diagnosis. 



Other observers regard the Leydenia as abnormally altered body-cells, 

 such as are apt also to appear in the exudations of other diseases. 

 L. Pfeiffer J has even now come to look upon the amoeboid forms, which 

 he and others have observed in the vesicles of variola, vaccine, varicella, 

 herpes, &c., in pus and pleuritic effusion, and hitherto regarded as para- 

 sites, as merely " exudation cells." * 



Class II. Flagellata (Mastigophora), 



During the motile part of their life the Flagellata possess one or more 

 flagella which serve for locomotion, and in many cases also for the capture 

 of food ; a few groups (Euglenoidince , Choanoftagellata) have only one 

 flagellum, others two or several of about equal length (Isomastigoda\ or 

 of various lengths (Monadina, Heteromastigoda, Dinoflagellatd}. The long 



1 Lauenstein, C., " Ueb. ein. Be fund von ' Leyd. gemmip.' " (Deutsch. med. Wochen- 

 schr., 1897, xxiii., p. 733). 



- Leyden, E. v., " Z. Aet. d. Carcin." (Zeitschrift /. kl. Med., 1961, xliii., p. 4)- 



3 Pfeiffer, L., " ref. iib. die Leyden-Schaudinn' sche Arbeit" (Mi'mch. med. Wochen- 

 schr., 1896, xliii., p. 894). 



4 Liihe expresses his conviction that the Leydenia are of an independent nature 

 (C. f. B., P. u. I., 1902, xxxi., ref., p. 207). 



