54 



THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN 



FIG. 14. 



2. Monas pyophila, R. Blanch, 1895. 



R. Blanchard * thus designates a Flagellate that Grimm * 

 found in the sputum, as well as in the pus of a pulmonary 

 and hepatic abscess, in the case of a Japanese 

 woman living in Sapporo. The parasites resemble 

 large spermatozoa. The body, measuring 0^030 

 O'o6o mm., has the shape of a heart or a myrtle leaf, 

 and is surrounded by a thick cuticle which is sup- 

 posed to continue in the interior of the body, 

 dividing it into three parts. There is a long ap- 

 pendix at the rounded pole covered over its greatest 

 extent by the cuticle ; the extremity, however, 

 is free and resembles a flagellum. The parasites 

 were very agile, frequently changed their shape, and 

 were able to retract the long appendix within the 

 Monas pyophila, body, which then assumed a round form. 



R. Blanch, (after 

 Grimm). 



3. Cercomonades in the urine. 



As far back as 1859 Hassall 3 described a flagellated infu- 

 sorium which he called Bodo urinarius. It was found in alka- 

 line urine a short time after exposure to the air. About fifty 

 samples of urine from different persons were collected and 

 specimens exposed to the air, and the results proved decisively 

 that Bodo urinarius had only settled in the urine subsequently. 

 This communication would not have been included here had not 

 Kiinstler 4 in 1883 announced the occurrence of a flagellate 

 designated Bodo urinarius in the freshly passed urine of a patient,, 

 and at once conveyed the impression that it was a parasite origi- 

 nating from the urinary passages. This form has been variously 

 criticised. Blanchard 5 sets it up as a distinct parasite, and, as 

 he considers that it differs from Bodo urinarius, Hass, he calls 

 it Cystomonas urinaria. However, as the generic name of 

 Plagiomonas already existed for Protomonadines with two flagella 



1 Blanchard, R., "Malar. Paras., <5-c.," 1895, p. 690. 



2 Grimm, F., " Ueb. ein. Leber- u. Lungenabsc. mit Protoz." (Arch. /. Chir., 1894, 

 xlviii., p. 478). 



3 Hassall, " On the Development and Significance of Vibriolineola, Bodo urinarius 

 . . . in Alkaline and Albuminous Urine " (The Lancet, 1859, ii., p. 503). 



4 Kiinstler, " Analyse micr. des urines d'un malade atteint de pyeMte chron. consec. 

 a une oper. de faille " (Bull. soc. d'an. et de phys. norm, et path., Bordeaux, 1883, iv,, 

 p. 215). 



5 Blanchard, R., Traite de Zool. med., Paris, 1885, i., p. 78. 



