IIO THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN 



LITERATURE. 



(1) MULLER, J. Ueb. eine eigenth. krankh. paras. Bildung mit specif, organis. Samen 



korp. (Arch. f. An. u. Phys., 1841, p. 477). 



(2) MULLER, J., and A. RETZIUS. Ueb. paras. Bildungen (ib., 1842, p. 193). 



(3) CREPLIN, J. C. H. Beschr. d. Psorosp. des Kaulbarsches nebst Benierk. iib 



die der Plotze (Arch, f Naturg., 1842, viii., i, p. 61). 



(4) DUJARDIN, F. Hist nat. d. helm. Paris, 1845, P- 643. 



(5) LEYDIG, F. Ueb. Psorosp. u. Gregarinen (Arch. f. An. u. Phys., 1851, p. 221). 



(6) LIEBERKUHN, N. Ueb. d. Psorosp. (ib., 1854, p. 349). 



(7) BALBIANI, G. Sur 1'organis. et la nature d. psorospermies (C. R. Ac. sc., Paris, 



1863, Ivii., p. 157). 



(8) BUTSCHLI, O. Z. Kenntn. d. Fischpsorosp. (Z. f. w. Z., 1881, xxxv., p. 629); 



Protozoa in : Bronn's Cl. u. Ordn. d. Thierr., I. Lpzg., 1882, i., p. 590). 



(9) PERUGIA, A. Sulle myxosporidie d. pesci marini (Bull, scientif. Ann., 1889, 



xii., 1890, xiii. p. 10). * 

 (10) THELOHAN, P. In numerous reports published in C. R. soc. biol., Paris, and C. R. 



Ac. sc. Paris, 1889-1894, as well as in Rech. sur les Myxosp. (Bull, scient. 



France et Belg., 1895, xlvi., p. 100). 



(n) PFEIFFER, L. Die Protoz. als Krankheitserr. 2 edit. Jena, 1891. 

 Unters. iib. d. Krebs. Jena, 1892. 



(12) MINGAZZINI. 



(13) COHN, L. Ueb. d. Myxospor. v. Esox lucius u. Perca fluviat. In.-Diss. Kgsbg.. 



1895, and Zool. Jahrb. Abth f. Anat., ix., 1895. 



(14) DOFLEIN, F. Stud. z. Nat. d. Protoz. III. Ueb. Myxosp. (Zool. Jahrb. Anat., 



xi., 1898, p. 281). 



(15) LUDWIG, H. Ueb. d. Myxosp. d. Barben i. d. Mosel (Jahr.-Ber. d. Rhein. 



Fisch.-Vereins, 1888-89, P- 2 7)- 



(16) RAILLIET, A. La mal. d. barbeaux de la Marne (Bull. soc. centr. d'aquicult. 



France pour 1890, ii., p. 117). 



(17) WELTNER, W. Ueb. Myxosp. i. d. Eiern v. Esox lucius (Stzgsb. Ges. nat. 



Frde. Berlin, 1892, p. 28). 



(18) ZSCHOKKE, F. Myxosp. d. Gttg. Coregonus (C. f. B., P. u. L, 1898 [i], xxiii., pp. 



602, 646, 699 ; and Mitth. d. nat. Ges. Luzern, 1898, 2, p. 205). 



(19) HOFER, B. Die sogen. Pockenkrankh. d. Karpfen (Allg. Fisch.-Ztg., 1896, pp. 2, 



28, 1 86 ; and ib., 1902, p. 22). 



(20) GU.RLEY, R. The Myxosp. or psorosp. of Fish, and the Epid. Produc. by them 



(Rep. U.S. Comm. of Fish and Fisher, f. 1892, Washington, 1894, p. 65). 



(21) THKLOHAN, P. Observ. sur les myx. et essai de classif. des ces org. (Bull, soc, 



phil., Paris, 1892 [8], iv., p. 165). 



(22) GURLEY, R. On the Classific. of the Myxosp. (Bull. U.S. Fish Com. f. 1891. 



Washington, 1893, p. 407). 



Order 5. Microsporidia, Balbiani. 



These are the forms discovered in the stickleback by Gluge in 

 and in Coccus hesperidum by Leydig in 1853, and which have later been 

 found in numerous other arthropoda, insects and arachnoids. They acquired 

 particular importance when it was discovered that they were the cause of 

 the .pebrine sickness (gattina of the Italians) which caused so much 

 destruction amongst silkworms (Bombyx mori}. Pasteur (1870) and especially 

 Balbiani participated in the researches on Nosema bombycis, and it was the 

 latter who classed the " pebrine bodies " or " psorospermia of the arthropoda }> 

 amongst the sporozoa as microsporidia (1884). But the occurrence of this, 

 group is not confined to insects and arachnoids, they are now known to 

 occur also in crustaceans, worms, bryozoa, fishes, amphibians (Rana} and 

 reptiles (Emys} ; they have even been known to form tumours in fishes, 

 similar to those formed by many myxosporidia. 



These small protoplasmatic creatures seem to parasitise in all cells and 



