FASCIOLA HEPATICA 



ova], with cap-like lid, 0*130 0*145 mm. in length, 0*070 0*090 mm. 

 in breadth (average size 0*132 0*070). 



The Liver Fluke inhabits the bile ducts of numerous herbi- 

 vorous mammals (sheep, ox, goat, horse, ass, rabbit, 1 guinea-pig, 

 squirrel, beaver, deer, roe, antelope, camel, kangaroo, and others, 

 and is distributed over the whole of Europe, though not to an 

 equal extent. It is further known in 

 North Africa, in N. and S. America, 

 as well as in Australia ; it is also 

 found in Asia, as it has been re- 

 ported from Japan and China. In 

 some districts of Germany it is 

 very frequent and the slaughter- 

 house reports of various places 

 show that it is of daily occurrence. . 



[The liver fluke also occurs in 

 Tasmania. In India it has been 

 found in the buffalo. In Burmah 

 it is found impossible to keep 



v. s. 



E.d. 



FIG. 84. Fasciola hepatica, natural size 

 (Mull, fluid, alcohol, creosote, Canada bal- 

 sam). E.d., Excretory duct of the vitelline 

 sacs; V.s., vitelline sacs; M., mouth; Tr.c., 

 transverse canals; Ut., uterus. 



FIG. 85. Fasciola hepatica, L., 

 with sexual apparatus. /., intestine ; 

 V.s. vitelline sacs ; Ov., ovary; O., oral 

 aperture ; Ut., uterus ; S., ventral 

 sucker; T., testes. (After Glaus.) jg 



sheep owing to its ravages (" A Treatise on the Diseases of 

 Sheep," 1890, p. 136, Steel). According to Hamont (the 

 Veterinarian, vol. vii., pp. 557, 587) the annual fall of the Nile 

 causes the loss from " rot " of 160,000 sheep. This parasite is 



1 [There does not seem to be any direct evidence of either rabbits or hares normally 

 being invaded by this Fluke. F. V. T.] 



