SCHISTOSOMDM JAPONICUM l8l 



KARTULIS. Vork. d. Eier v. Dist. haem. (Arch. f. path. An., 1885, xcx., p. 139.) 



Weit. Beitr. z. path. Anat. d. Bilh. (Ibid., 1898, clii., p. 474.) 

 FRITSCH, G. Z. Anat. d. Bilh. haem. (Arch. f. mikr. An., 1888, xxxi., p. 192.) 

 CHAKER, M. Et. sur 1'hematurie d'Eg. These, Paris, 1890. 

 RAILLIET, A. Obs. s. 1'embr. du Gynaecoph. haem. (Bull. soc. zool., France, 1892, 



xvii., p. 101.) 

 Looss, A., Beob. iib. Eier u. Embr. v. Bilh. (In Leuckart : D. Paras, d. Mensch., 



1894, 2nd edit., i. 5, p. 521.) 



Bemerk. z. Lebensgesch. d. Bilh. haem. (C. f. B. u. P., 1894, xvi., pp. 286 and 340.) 

 Rech. faun. par. de 1'Eg. (Mem. Inst. eg., 1895, '", P- 1 S^>-} 

 Z. An. u. Hist. d. Bilh. haem. (Arch. f. Mikr. An., 1895, xlvi., p. i). 

 RUTIMEYER, L. Ueb. Bilharziakrkht. (Mitth. Klin. u. med. Inst. d. Schweiz., 1894 



[i], xii., p. 871.) Also separately. 

 LORTET and VIALLETON. Etud. sur la Bilh. haem. Paris, 1895. (Ann. de 1'univ. 



de Lyon, 1894, i*.) 



LAVERAN and R. BLANCHARD. Les hematoz: II. Vers. du sang. (Bibl. Med. Charcot- 

 Debove.) Paris, 1895. 



Schistosomum japonicum, Katsurada, 1904. 

 Syn. : Schistosoma cattoi, Blanchard, 1905. 



Schistosomum japonicum was discovered in 1904 by Professor 

 D. F. Katsurada, of the Pathological Institute of Okayama. For 

 some years the Japanese physicians had observed in the provinces of 

 Yamauashi, Hiroshima (Central Japan) and Saga (in Kinshu, north- 

 west island) an endemic disease characterised by enlargement of the 

 liver and spleen, cachexia and ascites. The patients suffered from 

 diarrhoea (frequently with mucous and blood-stained motions), 

 anaemia, occasionally fever, and a number died from extreme weak- 

 ness. At the autopsy of such cases Yamagiva, Kurimoto, Fujinami 

 and others found in several organs (more especially the liver) 

 numerous eggs of a hitherto unknown helminth. 



In April, 1904, Professor Katsurada had the opportunity of 

 examining several cases of the disease, and he noticed that the eggs 

 eliminated with the faeces contained a ciliated embryo not unlike the 

 miracidium of Schistosomum hamatobium. Having no opportunity 

 of making an autopsy, he thought of examining the dogs and cats 

 of the endemic areas, because he had already found that some 

 trematodes of frequent occurrence in man are also not infrequently 

 present in dogs and cats. And he had the good fortune of at once 

 finding in the portal system of two cats from the province of Yamau- 

 ashi numerous schistosomidae containing eggs exactly similar to 

 those previously found in man. He published this information 

 on August I3th, and named the new trematode Schistosomum 

 japonicum. 



Three months later the same parasite was found by Dr. John Catto 

 in sections of the mesocolon from a Chinaman of the province of Fukien, 

 who died of cholera at St. John's Island, Quarantine Station, Singa- 

 pore. During life the patient presented enlargement of the liver and 



