2l8 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN 



bay of Courland ; it is, however, also found in the province and 

 even in Konigsberg. In West Prussia and Pomerania it is very 

 much scarcer. 



It is also found in Munich and in the vicinity of the Lake of 

 Starnberg ( Bellinger). 



Krabbe found it in 10 per cent, of the sufferers from tape- 

 worms in Denmark ; Szydlowski found the ova of this worm in 

 Dorpat in 10 per cent, of the faeces examined ; Kruse found the 

 worm in 6 per cent, of post mortems ; Kessler, in St. Petersburg, 

 found the eggs in the faeces in 7*8 per cent. ; at post mortems he 

 found the worm in 1*17 per cent., though Winogradoff only found 

 it in 0*8 per cent. In Moscow, according to Baranovsky, 8*9 

 per cent, of the faeces examined contained the ova of Dihothrio- 

 cephalus. In the interior and southern provinces of Sweden the 

 worm, according to Lonnberg, is only found sporadically, but, on 

 the other hand, in Angermanland about 10 per cent, of the popula- 

 tion are affected, while again in Norbotten the majority of persons 

 are affected, and in Haparanda the entire population (with the 

 exception of infants) harbour this parasite. In Switzerland 

 Dibothriocephalm latus is very frequent in close proximity to the 

 lakes of Bieler, Neuchatel, Morat and Geneva (according to 

 Zaeslin 10 15 20 per cent, of the population are affected) : the 

 parasite is less frequent in districts one to four hours removed 

 from these lakes. 



The frequency and distribution have, nevertheless, decreased 

 perceptibly in places ; at the commencement of the eighteenth 

 century the broad tapeworm was very common in Paris ; at the 

 present date it only occurs when imported (Blanchard) ; in 

 Geneva, also, according to Zschokke, it has become rarer (formerly 

 10 per cent., now only i per cent.). 



The disturbances produced in man by the presence of broad 

 tapeworms are, as a rule, very trifling ; in other cases they produce 

 partly gastric disorders and partly nervous symptoms ; in a number 

 of cases, again, they set up severe anaemia, 1 apparently caused by 



1 Reyher, D., Arch. /. klin. Med., xxix., p. 31 ; Rmieberg, ibid., 1886, xli., 

 p. 304; Schapiro, Zeitschr. f. klin. Med., 1889, xiii., p. 416; Podwissotzky, 

 Jahrb. f. Kdrhlkde., 1889, xxix., p. 223; Schaumann, Z. Kenntn. d. sog. Bothr.- 

 Ancsmie, Berlin, A. Hirschwald, 1894; Askanazy, " Bothr.-Ancemie u. d. prog. 

 Bedte. d. Megalobl. im ancem. Blute " (Zeitschr. /. klin. Med., xxiii., p. 492) ; 

 Babes, V., " Bothr. lat. u. d. Bothr.-An. in Rumanian " (Arch. f. path. An., cxli., 

 p. 204; Schaumann and Tallquist, " Ueb. d. Blutk. auflos. Eigensch. d. b. Bdws." 

 (D. med. Wchschr., 1898, No. 20 ; Neubecker, O., Bothr.-Ancemie ohne Bothrioc., 

 Inaug.-Diss., Konjgsbg., 1898. 



