280 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN 



Strongyloid or Filariform type of larva in the cultures, which are 

 easily prepared, and in any case will become adult if introduced 

 into man. 



Occurrence in Man. As already mentioned, Strongyloides intestinalis was 

 first observed in persons suffering from so-called Cochin China diarrhoea. 

 By the enormous numbers of parasites evacuated with the faeces, the cause 

 of the disease could be diagnosed at a glance. It appeared, however, that 

 only some of the soldiers returning from Cochin China and Martinique, 

 and suffering from diarrhoea, harboured Strongyloides (Chauvin). Breton made 

 the same observations irl Cochin China and found that only 10*4 per cent, of 

 cases of chronic dysentery, and 8'8 per cent, of chronic diarrhoea, show 

 Strongyloides. Normand, moreover, learned that only a few of the Euro- 

 peans residing in Cochin China are exempt from Strongyloides intestinalis, 

 yet the people exhibit no intestinal symptoms ; if, however, from any 

 cause a catarrhal condition of the intestine supervenes the condition is 

 changed, the parasites appear in larger numbers, and the disorder is 

 considerably intensified. 



Strongyloides intestinalis, besides being present in the Indo-China region, 

 also occurs in the Antilles, in Brazil, Africa and Europe ; in 1878 it was 

 discovered in Italy by Grassi and C. and E. Parona ; in 1880 it was also 

 found in the labourers working at the St. Gothard tunnel. It was 

 imported into Germany, Belgium and the Netherlands by Italian labourers. 

 One sporadic case has been observed in East Prussia, and the worm has 

 also been reported * from Siberia. 



LITERATURE. 



NORMAND, A. Sur la maladie dite diarrhee de Cochinchine. (C. R. Ac. sc. Paris, 



1876, Ixxxiii., p. 316.) 



Mem. sur la diarrhee de Cochinchine. (Arch. med. nav., 1877, xxvii., p. 35.) 

 Du role etiologique de I'anguillule dans la diarrhee de Cochinchine. '(Ibid-, 1878, 



xxx., p. 214.) 

 BAVAY. Sur I'anguillule stercorale. (C. R. Asc. sc. Paris, 1876, Ixxxiii., p. 694.) 



Sur I'anguillule intestinale, &c. (Ibid., 1877, Ixxxiv., p. 266.) 

 DOUNON. Etudes sur 1'anatomie pathol. de la dys. chron. (Arch, de phys., 1877, 



ix., p. 774.) 

 CHAUVIN. L'anguillule stercorale dans la dysenteric des Antilles. (Arch. med. nav., 



1878, xxix., p. 154.) 



GRASSI, B. Sovra 1'anguillula intestinale. (Rend, ist lomb. sc. e lett., 1879 [2], 



xii., p. 228.) 

 GRASSI, B., and C. PARONA. Sovra ranguillula intestinale, &c. (Arch. sc. med., 



1879, in., p. 10.) 



PERRONCITO, E. Obs. sur le devel. de 1'anguillula intestinalis Bav. (Journ. de 1'anat. 



et de la phys., 1887, xvii., p. 499.) 

 LEUCKART, R. Ueber die Lebensgesch. d. sog. Anguill. stercor., &c. (Ber. d. math.- 



phys. Cl. d. k. sachs. Ges. d. Wiss., 1883, p. 85). 

 SEIFERT. Ueber Anguill. stercoralis. (Stzgsb. d. phys.-med. Ges. Wiirzburg, 1883, 



p. 22.) 

 GRASSI, B., and R. SEGRE. Nuove osservaz. sull' eterogenia del Rhabd. intest. (Atti 



R. Accad. Lincei. Rendic., 1887 [4], iii., p. 100.) 

 ROVELLI, G. Rich. s. org. genit. d. Strongyloides. Como, 1888.. 

 SONSINO, P. Tre casi d. mal. da Rhabd. intest. o Rhabdonemiasi. (Suppl. d. Riv. 



gen. ital. di clin. med., 1891, 20, vii.) 

 LEICHTENSTERN, O. Ueb. Anguillula intest. (Dtsch. med. Wchschr., 1898, No. 8, 



p. 118.) 

 Z. Lebensgesch. d. Ang. intest, (C. f. B., P. u. I., 1899 [i], xxv., p. 226.) 



