TRICHOCEPHALUS TRICHIURUS 309 



1 8. Filaria kilimarce, Kolb, 1898. 



Several female specimens were once found free in the abdomen 

 of a fallen Kitu warrior ; according to Spengel, who examined 

 them, the oral papillae of these worms were similar to those of 

 Filaria medinensis. Moreover, Kolb classifies together nematodes 

 that probably have no connection whatever with each other. 



LITERATURE. 



KOLB, G. Die Filaria kilimarae in Britisch-Ostafrika. (Arch. f. Schiffs.- u. Tropen- 

 hyg., 1898, ii., p. 28.) 



19. Filaria sp. ? 



Cholodkowsky calls attention to filarise that are still unknown 

 which cause tumours resembling whitlows on the fingers of the 

 peasants of the Twer Government. 



LITERATURE. 



CHOLODKOWSKY, N. A. In Wratsch, 1896, No. 3. 



Ueb. einige selten b. Mensch. vork. Paras. (Stzgso. d. St. fetersb. naturf. Ges., 

 1897, p. 185.) 



(e) Fam. Trichotrachelidce. 

 Gen. 6. Trichocephalus, Goeze, 1782. 



Syn. : Trichiuris, Roderer, 1761 ; nee Trichiurus, L., 1758 ; Mastigodes, 

 Zeder, 1803. 



The anterior part of the body is very long and thread-like ; the pos- 

 terior part sharply truncated, is thickened, rounded posteriorly, and the 

 anus is terminal. The males carry the posterior extremity spirally rolled 

 up ; there is one spicule ; the females have only one ovary ; the vulva 

 is situated at the commencement of the posterior part of the body ; 

 the eggs are barrel-shaped. The trichocephali live in the large intestine 

 of mammals, the caecum by predilection ; their development is direct, 

 infection occurs through the ingestion of embryo-containing eggs. 



Trichocephalus Irichiurus (L.) 1771. 



Syn. : Ascaris trichiura, L., 1771 ; Trichocephalus hominis, Schrank. 1788 ; 

 Trichocephalus dispar, Rud., 1801. 



The male measures 40 45 mm. in length, the spiculum is 

 2' 5 mm. long, and lies within a retractile pouch beset with spines. 

 The female measures 45 50 mm. in length, of which two-fifths apper- 

 tain to the posterior part of the body. The ova are barrel-shaped 

 and have a thick brownish shell which is perforated at the poles. 



