TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS 3! I 



by embryo-containing eggs ; Railliet obtained the same results with 

 Tr. depressiusculus of dogs, and Grassi subsequently, by means of 

 two experiments, demonstrated the direct development of Tricho- 

 cephalus trichiurus. In one case embryo-containing eggs were 

 swallowed on June 27, 1884, and on July 24 the ova of tricho- 

 cephali were found in the faeces for the first time. 



Trichocephalus trichiurus is found not only in man, but also in 

 various monkeys (Tr. palceformis, Rud.), as well as in lemurs 

 (Tr. lemuris, Rud.). 



LITERATURE. 



MORGAGNI, J. B. Epist. anat., xviii., ad scripta pertinentium eel. viri A. M. 



Valsalvae. Venetiis, 1740, ii., Ep. xiv., p. 45. 



ROEDERER, J. G. Nachr. v. d. Trichuriden. (Gott. gel. Anz., 1761, St. 25.) 

 GOEZE. Vers. ein. Naturg. d. Eing.-Wurmer, 1782, p. 182. 

 MAYER, F. J. C. Beitr. z. An. d. Entoz., Bonn, 1841. 

 DAVAINE^ Rech. sur le dev. et la propag. de 1'Asc. tombr. et du Trich. de 



I'homme. (C. R. Ac. sc., Paris, 1858, xlvi., p. 1217.) 

 EBERTH, J . G. Beitr. z. Anat. u. Phys. d. Tr. dispar. (Z. f. w. Z. 1860, X., 



pp. 233 and 383, and 1862, xi., p. 96.) 

 LEUCKART, R Die menschl. Paras., 1876, ii., p. 492. 



RAILLIET, A. Notices Helminthol. (Bull. Soc. centr. med. veter., 1884, p. 449.) 

 GRASSI, B. Trichocephalus u. Ascarisentwickelung. (C. f. B. u. P., 1887, i., 



P- 131-) 



WICHMANN. Ueb. d. Verh. d. Trich. zur Darmschleimhaut. In.-Diss. Kiel, 1889. 

 MOOSBRUGGER.^ Ueb. Trichocephaliasis. (Munch, med. Wochenschr., 1895, P- 



1097.) 

 ASKANAZY, M. D. Peitschenwurm ein blutsaug., Paras. (Dtsch. Arch. f. klin. 



Med., 1896, Ivii., p. 104.) 



Gen. 7. Trichinella, Railliet, 1895. 

 Syn. : Trichina, Owen, 1835, nee Meigen, 1830. 



Very small trichotrachelidae, the males of which have no spicules, but 

 possess two conical appendages at the caudal extremity ; the females are 

 viviparous and possess one ovary ; the vulva is situated at the border 

 of the anterior fifth of the body. There is only one species. 



Trichinella spiralis, Owen, 1835. 

 Syn. : Trichina spiralis, Owen, 1835. 



The male measures 1-4 r6 mm. in length and 0-04 mm. in 

 diameter. The anterior part of the body is narrowed, the orifice of 

 the cloaca is terminal and lies between the two caudal appendages, 

 behind there are four papillae. The females measure 3 4 mm. 

 in length and 0*06 mm. in diameter; anus terminal. 



Trichinella spiralis in its aduft stage inhabits the small 

 intestine of man and of various mammals. It is known to occur in 

 the black rat (Mus. rattus), the sewer rat (M. decumanus), the 



