364 THE ANIMAL PARASITES OF MAN 



The genus Ceratixodes of Neumann (1902) occurs on birds. 

 The genus Eschatocephalus of Frauenfeld (1853), of which seven species are 

 known, are mostly parasitic on bats, and are found in holes, caves and church 

 towers. 



The genus Apqnomma of Neumann (1899) is exotic, and almost entirely 

 confined to snakes and saurians. 



The following are synonyms of the different genera : 

 Argas, Latreille, 1796 (Rhynchoprion , Hermann, 1804). 

 Ixodes, Latreille, 1795 (Acarus, Linnaeus, 1758; Cynorhcestes, Hermann, 1804; 



Crotonus, Dumeril, 1822). 

 Ceratixodes, Neumann, 1902 (Ixodes, Cambridge, 1879 ; Hyalomma, Cambridge, 



1879). 



Eschatocephalus, Frauenfeld, 1853 (Sarconyssus, Kolenati, 1857). 

 Amblyomma, Koch, 1844 (Ixodes, Latreille, 1795). 

 Htemaphysalis, Koch, 1844 (Rhipistoma, Koch, 1844; Gonixodes, Duges, 1888 ; 



Opitodon, Canes trini, 1897). 

 Rhipicephalus , Koch, 1844 (Acarus, Linnaeus, 1758 ; Ixodes, Latreille, 1795 ; 



Phanloixodes, Berlese, 1889 ; Boophilus, Curtice, 1890). 



Dermacentor, Koch, 1844 (Ixodes, Latreille, 1795 ; Pseudixodes, Haller, 1882). 



F. V. T.] 



Ixodes reduvius (L.), 1758. * 

 Syn. : Acarus reduvius and ricinus, L. ; Ixodes ricinus, Latreille, 1806. 



Themales are oval ; their length i'2 2 mm. ; they are brownish- 

 red or black in colour ; the females are yellowish-red, 4 mm. 

 long ; when gorged they are lead-coloured and may attain 12 mm. 

 in length by 6 7 mm. in breadth. 



The dog tick (fig. 237) lives in thickets on leaves, &c., and attacks sheep 

 and oxen, and more rarely dogs, horses and human beings, into the skin 

 of which the female bores with the rostrum in order to suck blood ; the bite 

 is not dangerous and sometimes is not even felt. Inflammation, however, 

 is set up if the creatures are forcibly removed from the wound, as the 

 rostrum as a rule is torn off in the process. If left alone or smeared over 

 with some grease vaseline, oil, butter, &c. the creatures drop off sponta- 

 neously. Sometimes the entire tick bores itself into the skin ; they also 

 appear to be permanent inmates of kennels. 



[The species (Ixodes reduvius) is the same as Ixodes ricimis, 

 Latreille. The male is 2*35 2*80 mm. long ; the body is dark brown, 

 almost black, with a pale almost white margin ; there are also traces 

 of reddish mottling. Coxae of the first pair of legs with a short 

 spine. Rostrum much shorter than that of the female ; shield 



1 Ixodes reduvius and /. ricinus are synonymous. [The above should read Ixodes 

 ricinus, Latreille, 1804. F. V. T.] 



