594 



INDEX. 



Articulation of bones, different modes 

 of, 600604. 



Arytenoid cartilages, 680, 681. 



Ascidia, 114; nervous system of, 435. 



Asphyxia, 280, 338 ; treatment of, 339. 



Assimilating glands, 223, 224. 



Astraea, fission of, 726. 



Atlas-vertebra, 632. 



Attention, effect of, on sense of touch, 

 494; on hearing, 525; on sight, 555; 

 on mental power, 721. 



Auditory nerve, 512. 



Auricles of heart, 257 ; action of, 270. 



Automatic movements, 479. 



Axis vertebra, 632. 



Axolotl, 87. 



Azotized principles of food, 153, 154; 

 destination of, 158165; effects of ex- 

 cess of, 348. 



Azotized compounds, excretion of, 346 

 348. 



B. 



Balancing of body, 480, 481. 



Balanus, 102; development of, 749. 



Ball-and-socket joint, 603. 



Barnacle, 102; development of, 749. 



Basement-membrane, 31. 



Bat, wings of, 669; ear of, 515; hyber- 

 nation of, 407 ; peculiar sensibility of, 

 494. 



Satrachia, 86, 87; reparative power of, 

 390; development of egg of, 756. 



Baya, nest of, 705. 



Beat of heart, 269, 271. 



Beaumont, Dr., his experiments upon 

 gastric fluid, 207, 208. 



Beaver, operations of, 706 708. 



Bees, formation of wax by, 156; heat 

 produced by, 410, 41 ]; use of antennae 

 in, 498; sounds of, 678; instincts of, 

 712716; reproduction of, 747. 



Beetle, digestive apparatus of, 202. 



Bell, Sir C., his discoveries, 429, 451. 



Bicuspid teeth, 187. 



Bile, chemical characters of, 364 ; use of, 

 in digestion, 213; formed from venous 

 blood, 266, 366 ; purposes of excretion 

 of, 346351, 365 ; effect of suspension 

 of, 351. 



Bilious complaints, 350. 



Binary subdivision of cells, 33. 



BIRDS, general characters of, 78 80; 

 digestive apparatus of, 200 ; digestive 

 powers of, 201 ; blood-discs in, 230 ; 

 arterial system in, 260; circulation in, 

 281, 282; respiration in, 326, 327; heat 

 of, 407, 413; nervous system of, 455 ; 

 intelligence of, 484, 717; wings of, 

 669; flight of, 672; larynx of, 685; 

 nests of, 704, 705; social instinct in, 

 710; ovarium of, 754; structure of 

 eggs of, 755 ; development of embryo 

 of, 757760. 



Bladder, gall, 362 ; urinary, 362. 



Blastema. 33; production of cells from, 34. 



Blood of Vertebrata, general characters 

 of, 226; arterial and venous, 227; ge- 

 neral purposes of, 228, 239; composed 

 of liquor sanguinis and corpuscles, 

 229; coagulation of, 236 239; serum 

 of, 238; buffy coat of, 236 ; flow of, 

 means of checking, 277, 278; changes 

 of, in disease, 233 ; assimilating power 

 of, 242. 



Blood of Invertebrata, character of, 235. 



Blood Corpuscles, colourless, 35, 234. 



red, 35, 229 234; ac- 

 tion of endosmose on, 231 ; composi- 

 tion of, 232 ; variety of proportion of, 

 in different animals, 233; functions 

 of, 235, 241 ; change of, in respiration, 

 310 ; connexion of, with heat libe- 

 rated, 413. 



Blood-vessels, 244; formation of in new 

 tissues, 393; in embryo, 758. 



Bombylius, sound of, 676. 



Bone, structure of, 49, 50; chemical 

 composition of, 51 ; formation of, from 

 cartilage, 52, 53 ; reparation of, 390. 



Bones of head, 617 693; of ear, 516; of 

 spine, 626632; of trunk, 623; of 

 upper extremity, 635 644; of lower 

 extremity, 645648. 



Bowerbankia, 115, 356. 



Brain of Vertebrata, 72; not the only 

 source of action, 465, 466 ; comparative 

 size of, 718,719; development of, 763; 

 (see Cerebrum and Cerebellum). 



Branchial arches, 286289 ; of embryo, 

 762. 



Bronchial tubes, 326, 328. 



Bri/ozoa, 115; (see Polyzod). 



Buds, reproduction by (see Gemmation). 



Buffy coat of blood, 236. 



Bulk required in food, 205. 



Butter, 377. 



C. 



Caddice-worms, 701. 



Calamary, 111. 



Camel, stomach of, 198; skeleton of, 644. 



Campanularia, 124. 



Cancelli of bone, 49 ; formation of, 52. 



Canine teeth, 181, 183. 



Cantering, 660. 



Capillary vessels, 251; movement of 

 blood in, 275, 280. 



Carapace of Turtles, 83. 



Carbon, modes of excretion of, 345 351, 

 365; combustion of, 157, 305, 306, 

 412, 413.. 



Carbonic acid, set free in respiration, 

 301, 303; mode of its production, 305, 

 306 ; quantity of, proportional to ac- 

 tivity of animal, 307309 ; amount of, 

 disengaged by Man, 334 ; deterioration 

 of atmosphere by, 335338. 



