596 



INDEX. 



Corpuscles of blood, 35 (see Blood-cor- 

 puscles). 



chyle, 222. 



Cortical substance, of brain, 430. 

 kidney, 357. 



Coughing, act of, 342. 



Crab, anatomy of, 9!) ; metamorphosis 

 of, 101 ; nervous system of, 447. 



Cranium, bones of, 617 623. 



Crassamentum of blood, 236. 



Cray-fish, 95. 



Cricket, leaping powers of, 662; sound 

 produced by, 678. 



Cricoid cartilage, 680. 



Crinoidea, 118. 



Crocodile, 93. 



Crusta petrosa of teeth, 54. 



CRUSTACEA, general characters of, 99 

 101; formation of shell of, 170; teeth 

 of, in stomach, 202 ; circulation in, 

 292 ; respiration in, 315 ; liver of, 356 ; 

 luminousness of, 396; reproduction of 

 claws in, 389 ; generation of, 748 ; 

 development of, 101, 748. 



Crystalline lens, 536 ; reproduction of, 

 390; change of form of, 551. 



Cutis, structure of, 37 ; sensibility of, 

 490, 491. 



Cuttle-fish, 111; ink of, 359. 



Cynips, agamic reproduction of, 746. 



Cysticercus, development of, 742. 



D. 



Daphnia, reproduction of, 748. 



Death, of the body, 67 ; apparent, 66. 



of parts, continually taking place, 



65, 68. 



Death-watch, 677. 



Death's-head Moth, 678. 



Decay of dead animal matter, 54, 160. 



Decay continually taking place in living 

 body, 65, 68. 



Deer, foot of, 652. 



Defecation, 171, 216. 



Degeneration of tissues, from want of 

 use, 30. 



Deglutition, 171, 192196, 470. 



Dentine, 54. 



Development, first stages of in ovum, 

 736, 737; of Polypes, 738, 739 ; of Me- 

 dusae, 740 ; of Echinodermata, 741 ; of 

 Entozoa, 742, 743 ; of Annelida, 744 ; 

 of Insects, 745747 ; of Crustacea, 748; 

 of Cirrhipeda, 749 ; of Rotifera, 750 ; of 

 Arachnida, 751; of Mollusca, 752; of 

 Vertebrata, 756762. 



Diaphragm, 328; deficiency of, in Birds 

 and Reptiles, 327 ; peculiar to Mam- 

 mals, 330; action of, in respiration, 

 331333. 



Diet, natural, of Man, 163 165. 



Differentiation of structure and function, 

 380. 



DIGESTION, several stages of, 171; gas- 

 tric, 204211 ; intestinal, 212215. 



Digestive cavity, characteristic of Ani- 

 mals, 8; different forms of, 197203; 

 formation of, in embryo, 759. 



Direction of action of muscles, 606 611. 

 visual objects, 558. 



Dislocations, 604. 



Distance, adaptation of the eye to, 550, 

 551 ; mode of estimating, 563565. 



Distoma, development of, 743. 



Division of labour in living organisms, 2. 



Dogs, intelligence of, 717. 



Doris, circulation in, 290; respiration in, 

 316. 



Dorsal vessel of Articulata, 293. 



Double vision, 559. 



Draco volans, 668. 



Drowning, 338 ; treatment of, 339. 



Drum of the ear, 516. 



Duration of luminous impressions, 567. 



Dytiscus, 444. 



Ear, simplest forms of, 512, 514; of Man, 

 external, 515; middle, 516, 517; in- 

 ternal, 518521 ; bones of, 516. 



Earthworm, 104, 142, 389, 400, 404, 597. 



ECHINODERMATA, 118,119; circulation 

 in, 295; luminousness of, 396; deve- 

 lopment of, 741. 



Echinus, 118; teeth of, 189. 



Egg of Birds, structure of, 755 ; shell of, 

 its permeability to gases, 760. 



Elastic fibrous tissue, 23, 29. 



Elasticity of arteries, 274, 275; of foot, 

 649; of vertebral column, 631. 



Elateridce, luminousness of, 397; leap- 

 ing power of, 662. 



Electricity, animal, sources of, 416, 417; 

 in Cat, 418; in Fishes, 419423; of 

 muscle and nerve, 424; analogy of to 

 nervous agency, 488, 585. 



Electric organs, structure of, 421, 422; 

 copiously supplied with nerves, 423. 



Elephant, trunk of, 172, 4f!3; molar 

 teeth of, 102; tusks of, 177; intelli- 

 gence of, 717. 



Embryo, origin of, 737, 757; develop- 

 ment of, 757 762; circulation in, 283, 

 758, 762 ; respiration in, 760. 



Emotions, 477, 478 ; influence of on 

 muscles, 590; on organic functions, 

 461. 



Enamel, structure and composition of, 

 54; arrangement of, 182. 



Encrinites, 118. 



Endosmose, action of, on blood cor- 

 puscles, 232. 



Entomostraca, agamic reproduction of, 

 727, 748. 



Entozoa, 105; development of, 742, 743. 



Ephemera, 315. 



Ephippial eggs of Daphnia, 748. 



Epidermis, structure of, 38; use of, 492. 



Epidermic appendages, 38. 



Epiglottis, 193, 681. 



